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How to write an excellent thesis conclusion [with examples]

Restate the thesis

Review or reiterate key points of your work, explain why your work is relevant, a take-away for the reader, more resources on writing thesis conclusions, frequently asked questions about writing an excellent thesis conclusion, related articles.

At this point in your writing, you have most likely finished your introduction and the body of your thesis, dissertation, or research paper . While this is a reason to celebrate, you should not underestimate the importance of your conclusion. The conclusion is the last thing that your reader will see, so it should be memorable.

A good conclusion will review the key points of the thesis and explain to the reader why the information is relevant, applicable, or related to the world as a whole. Make sure to dedicate enough of your writing time to the conclusion and do not put it off until the very last minute.

This article provides an effective technique for writing a conclusion adapted from Erika Eby’s The College Student's Guide to Writing a Good Research Paper: 101 Easy Tips & Tricks to Make Your Work Stand Out .

While the thesis introduction starts out with broad statements about the topic, and then narrows it down to the thesis statement , a thesis conclusion does the same in the opposite order.

• Restate the thesis.
• Review or reiterate key points of your work.
• Explain why your work is relevant.
• Include a core take-away message for the reader.

Tip: Don’t just copy and paste your thesis into your conclusion. Restate it in different words.

The best way to start a conclusion is simply by restating the thesis statement. That does not mean just copying and pasting it from the introduction, but putting it into different words.

You will need to change the structure and wording of it to avoid sounding repetitive. Also, be firm in your conclusion just as you were in the introduction. Try to avoid sounding apologetic by using phrases like "This paper has tried to show..."

The conclusion should address all the same parts as the thesis while making it clear that the reader has reached the end. You are telling the reader that your research is finished and what your findings are.

I have argued throughout this work that the point of critical mass for biopolitical immunity occurred during the Romantic period because of that era's unique combination of post-revolutionary politics and innovations in smallpox prevention. In particular, I demonstrated that the French Revolution and the discovery of vaccination in the 1790s triggered a reconsideration of the relationship between bodies and the state.

Tip: Try to reiterate points from your introduction in your thesis conclusion.

The next step is to review the main points of the thesis as a whole. Look back at the body of of your project and make a note of the key ideas. You can reword these ideas the same way you reworded your thesis statement and then incorporate that into the conclusion.

You can also repeat striking quotations or statistics, but do not use more than two. As the conclusion represents your own closing thoughts on the topic , it should mainly consist of your own words.

In addition, conclusions can contain recommendations to the reader or relevant questions that further the thesis. You should ask yourself:

• What you would ideally like to see your readers do in reaction to your paper?
• Do you want them to take a certain action or investigate further?
• Is there a bigger issue that your paper wants to draw attention to?

Also, try to reference your introduction in your conclusion. You have already taken a first step by restating your thesis. Now, check whether there are other key words, phrases or ideas that are mentioned in your introduction that fit into your conclusion. Connecting the introduction to the conclusion in this way will help readers feel satisfied.

I explored how Mary Wollstonecraft, in both her fiction and political writings, envisions an ideal medico-political state, and how other writers like William Wordsworth and Mary Shelley increasingly imagined the body politic literally, as an incorporated political collective made up of bodies whose immunity to political and medical ills was essential to a healthy state.

Tip: Make sure to explain why your thesis is relevant to your field of research.

Although you can encourage readers to question their opinions and reflect on your topic, do not leave loose ends. You should provide a sense of resolution and make sure your conclusion wraps up your argument. Make sure you explain why your thesis is relevant to your field of research and how your research intervenes within, or substantially revises, existing scholarly debates.

This project challenged conventional ideas about the relationship among Romanticism, medicine, and politics by reading the unfolding of Romantic literature and biopolitical immunity as mutual, co-productive processes. In doing so, this thesis revises the ways in which biopolitics has been theorized by insisting on the inherent connections between Romantic literature and the forms of biopower that characterize early modernity.

Tip: If you began your thesis with an anecdote or historical example, you may want to return to that in your conclusion.

End your conclusion with something memorable, such as:

• a call to action
• a recommendation
• a gesture towards future research
• a brief explanation of how the problem or idea you covered remains relevant

Ultimately, you want readers to feel more informed, or ready to act, as they read your conclusion.

Yet, the Romantic period is only the beginning of modern thought on immunity and biopolitics. Victorian writers, doctors, and politicians upheld the Romantic idea that a "healthy state" was a literal condition that could be achieved by combining politics and medicine, but augmented that idea through legislation and widespread public health measures. While many nineteenth-century efforts to improve citizens' health were successful, the fight against disease ultimately changed course in the twentieth century as global immunological threats such as SARS occupied public consciousness. Indeed, as subsequent public health events make apparent, biopolitical immunity persists as a viable concept for thinking about the relationship between medicine and politics in modernity.

Need more advice? Read our 5 additional tips on how to write a good thesis conclusion.

The conclusion is the last thing that your reader will see, so it should be memorable. To write a great thesis conclusion you should:

The basic content of a conclusion is to review the main points from the paper. This part represents your own closing thoughts on the topic. It should mainly consist of the outcome of the research in your own words.

The length of the conclusion will depend on the length of the whole thesis. Usually, a conclusion should be around 5-7% of the overall word count.

End your conclusion with something memorable, such as a question, warning, or call to action. Depending on the topic, you can also end with a recommendation.

In Open Access: Theses and Dissertations you can find thousands of completed works. Take a look at any of the theses or dissertations for real-life examples of conclusions that were already approved.

PhD Solutions HUB

Writing a Thesis Conclusion: A Step-by-Step Guide

• X (Twitter)

Last updated on December 23rd, 2024 at 11:11 am

A good thesis conclusion can make a significant impact on the credibility and quality of the research study. It is a critical section that demonstrates the researcher’s knowledge in the field and simplifies the evaluation of a thesis.

This step-by-step guide elaborates how to summarize your key findings, reiterate the significance of your work in your thesis conclusion, and provide a sense of closure and a glimpse into future possibilities.

Why Does a Powerful Thesis Conclusion Matter?

Think of your thesis as a journey of discovery. The introduction sets the stage, the body paragraphs explore the terrain, and the conclusion serves as the summit, offering a breathtaking view of your accomplishments and the vast landscape beyond.

Here’s why a good conclusion is essential:

Researchers are too busy to read your entire paper even if it is well-written. The general approach is to view if the title, looks appealing and then read the abstract , the thesis conclusion, and possibly the introduction to make a quick evaluation.

The other important factors include:

• Clinches Your Argument: A strong conclusion reminds readers of your thesis statement and how your research provides compelling evidence to support it. It leaves a lasting impression of a well-reasoned and substantiated argument.
• Highlights Significance: It emphasizes the contribution of your research to the field.  a) Does your work fill a gap in existing knowledge that you identified by conducting your literature review, and b) Does it offer new insights or challenge existing assumptions?
• A strong thesis conclusion showcases the potential impact of your research.
• Provides Closure: It offers a sense of completion by combining the key takeaways of your research.
• It reminds readers of the journey you’ve taken and leaves them with a sense of satisfaction and understanding.

Reader Expectations for a Thesis Conclusion

How to write a thesis conclusion.

Now that you understand the importance of a powerful conclusion, let’s explore the key elements you need to consider when crafting yours:

Step 1: Summarize Key Findings

• Briefly restate the main takeaways from your research without simply repeating the discussion section.
• Use clear and concise language to highlight the most critical points.

Step 2: Restate the Thesis

• Briefly remind readers of your research topic and how your findings address it.
• This reinforces the connection between your research objectives and the achieved results.

Step 3: Explain the Significance

• Explain why your findings matter. How does your research contribute to existing knowledge?
• Does it offer new perspectives, challenge established theories, or create new avenues for exploration?

Step 4: Address Limitations

• Acknowledge any limitations of your study and how they might affect the generalizability of your results.
• Being transparent about limitations demonstrates intellectual honesty and strengthens the credibility of your research.

Step 5: Propose Future Research

• Suggest avenues for further investigation based on your findings. What questions remain unanswered?
• This demonstrates your understanding of the broader field and the potential for future exploration.

Step 6:Engaging Your Readers

• Length:  There’s no one-size-fits-all answer, but your conclusion should be long enough to adequately address all the elements mentioned above.
• Focus on Context: Ensure your conclusion provides context for your arguments so readers understand the bigger picture.

Avoid Jargon:   Maintain clarity by avoiding overly technical language.

• Structure: Your conclusion can be structured as a single paragraph or multiple paragraphs, depending on the complexity of your findings.
• Acknowledge the Importance: Briefly acknowledge the importance of introductions and conclusions

Useful Tips

Statistics: Reviewers prioritize the introduction and the thesis conclusion sections of a research study . This highlights the importance of crafting strong conclusions that capture their attention and leave a positive final impression.

Structure: Your thesis conclusion can be structured as a single paragraph or multiple paragraphs, depending on the complexity of your findings.

Remember: Don’t underestimate the power of a strong thesis conclusion. Invest time in crafting a well-written conclusion that summarizes your research effectively, emphasizes its significance, and paves the way for future exploration.

For further assistance, The University of Melbourne’s Writing Centre offers a guide on “Structuring Your Thesis” .

How long should a conclusion be?

It must be long enough to cover all the major findings of your research, no more and no less. Though most of these will have already been mentioned in the abstract and elaborated on in the introduction and the results and discussion sections, the conclusion is a researcher’s last opportunity to ensure that nothing is overlooked and the thesis counts.

What is the most important element of a conclusion?

The most important element is to provide relevant context for your arguments. Ensure that the reader understands the research question and the analysis you provided perfectly. It must provide a unique level of perception about your thesis to reaffirm the objective of the research study.

What are the most important characteristics of a thesis conclusion?

A thesis conclusion must coney as much as possible in a few sentences. It should be crisp and to the point and answer all the intended relevant questions that the research set out to achieve without using unnecessary jargon, as this can distort the readability, especially when new ideas and concepts are introduced that can affect its quality.

Should a conclusion be one paragraph?

When a single paragraph becomes excessively long in a conclusion, it can be expanded to encompass two or even three paragraphs, without being repetitive. In addition to summarizing the main points you made throughout the paper, it should also provide your concluding thoughts on the main theme

Conclusion: Leaving a Lasting Impression

Composing a powerful thesis conclusion is an investment that pays off. It ensures your research resonates with readers, leaving them with a clear understanding of your findings and their significance. By following the steps outlined above and prioritizing clarity, conciseness, and engagement, you can write a conclusion that elevates your thesis and positions your research for future exploration.

Remember, a strong conclusion doesn’t just end your work; it opens doors for further understanding and impactful contributions to your field!

My journey in academia began as a dedicated researcher, specializing in the fascinating world of biochemistry. Over the years, I’ve had the privilege of mentoring Master’s and PhD students, collaborating on research papers that pushed the boundaries of knowledge. Now, post-retirement, I’ve embarked on a new chapter, sharing my academic expertise through freelance work on platforms like YouTube and Upwork. Here, I investigate the finer points of scholarly research, guiding aspiring writers through the intricacies of formatting, composing compelling narratives, and navigating the publication process.

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Writing Effective Conclusions and Recommendations in a Thesis

Writing a thesis is a monumental task that involves multiple stages, from formulating a research question to analyzing data. However, the final stage – writing the conclusion and recommendations – is perhaps one of the most crucial parts of the thesis. It’s where you wrap up your research, summarize key findings, and offer actionable recommendations based on your work. But how do you ensure that these sections are impactful, clear, and aligned with your research objectives? In this blog post, we’ll explore how to craft effective conclusions and recommendations that will leave a lasting impression on your readers.

Table of Contents

• Understanding the Purpose of Conclusions and Recommendations
• What is the conclusion?
• What are recommendations?
• How to Write an Effective Conclusion
• 1. Restate the research objectives
• 2. Summarize the key findings
• 3. Discuss the significance of your findings
• 4. Address the limitations
• 5. Conclude with a strong closing statement
• How to Write Effective Recommendations
• 1. Link recommendations to research findings
• 2. Prioritize recommendations
• 3. Make recommendations actionable and realistic
• 4. Be clear and concise
• 5. Acknowledge potential challenges
• Common Mistakes to Avoid in Conclusions and Recommendations

Understanding the Purpose of Conclusions and Recommendations 🔗

Before diving into the “how,” it’s essential to grasp the “why” of conclusions and recommendations. These two sections are the final opportunity to communicate the significance of your research. Let’s break down their roles:

What is the conclusion? 🔗

The conclusion is your chance to succinctly summarize the core findings of your research. It is not a mere repetition of results; rather, it synthesizes the information presented earlier in your thesis. The conclusion should answer the research question or hypothesis, discuss whether the objectives were achieved, and explain the implications of your findings.

What are recommendations? 🔗

Recommendations go beyond summarizing research findings. They provide actionable steps for future research or practical applications of your work. Recommendations can be aimed at various stakeholders: researchers, policymakers, or practitioners. They should be feasible, realistic, and based on the evidence you’ve gathered.

How to Write an Effective Conclusion 🔗

Writing a conclusion requires a careful balance. You must be concise yet comprehensive, summarizing your research without introducing new information. Here are some key steps to crafting an effective conclusion:

1. Restate the research objectives 🔗

Your conclusion should begin by reminding readers of the primary objectives of your research. This provides context and ensures that the conclusion stays focused on the research question. Briefly restate your aim and scope, reiterating why the research was conducted in the first place. However, avoid going into excessive detail; just enough to set the stage for the findings.

2. Summarize the key findings 🔗

Once you’ve reminded the reader of the research goals, it’s time to summarize the key findings. This is where you condense the main insights that emerged from your research. The summary should be clear, concise, and tied back to your original research question. The goal is to highlight the most important findings that answer your research question.

For example, if your research investigated the impact of online learning on student performance, your conclusion might mention how the data showed significant improvements in performance for students using certain online tools, and moderate results for others. However, avoid repeating statistical analyses verbatim; instead, focus on the implications of your findings.

3. Discuss the significance of your findings 🔗

After summarizing the findings, the next step is to explain their significance. What do these results mean in the larger context? How do they contribute to existing knowledge? This is your opportunity to demonstrate the value of your work and highlight its contributions to your field.

For instance, if your research on online learning shows that specific tools enhance engagement, you could discuss how your findings align with previous studies or how they challenge existing theories.

4. Address the limitations 🔗

No research is perfect, and acknowledging limitations enhances the credibility of your work. Discuss any weaknesses in your study, such as methodological constraints, sample size limitations, or external factors that may have influenced the results. This shows self-awareness and a thorough understanding of the research process.

However, be careful not to dwell too much on the limitations. The conclusion should remain focused on the positive aspects of your research, while being honest about its constraints. For example, if you conducted a survey with a small sample, you might note that the findings are limited in scope, but still provide valuable insights into the subject matter.

5. Conclude with a strong closing statement 🔗

Your conclusion should end with a final thought that reinforces the importance of your research. This could be a statement about the implications of your work, or a broader reflection on the research topic. Keep the closing statement clear and direct, leaving readers with a sense of closure and understanding.

How to Write Effective Recommendations 🔗

The recommendations section is where you offer practical advice based on your research findings. Crafting effective recommendations involves more than just suggesting what could be done next – it’s about providing actionable, evidence-backed steps. Here’s how to approach this critical section:

1. Link recommendations to research findings 🔗

Your recommendations should be directly informed by your research findings. Avoid vague suggestions like “more research is needed.” Instead, your recommendations should address specific issues uncovered in your study. For example, if your research on online learning revealed that certain tools helped improve engagement, a recommendation could be to integrate these tools more widely into the curriculum.

2. Prioritize recommendations 🔗

Not all recommendations are of equal importance. Prioritize them based on the findings of your research. Some recommendations may be urgent and critical, while others may be more exploratory or future-oriented. Prioritizing them ensures that your readers can focus on what matters most.

For instance, if your study finds that a particular educational tool significantly enhances student engagement, you might prioritize the recommendation to adopt this tool over suggestions for minor improvements in course design.

3. Make recommendations actionable and realistic 🔗

Recommendations should be practical and feasible. Ensure that they are not overly ambitious or unrealistic. If you suggest future research, outline specific areas that need exploration and provide a clear plan for how it can be carried out. If you recommend policy changes or practical actions, make sure they are implementable within existing resources and constraints.

For example, if your research on remote working identifies barriers in communication, a recommendation might be to establish clearer guidelines for virtual meetings, rather than suggesting an overhaul of the entire organizational structure.

4. Be clear and concise 🔗

Like the conclusion, the recommendations should be clear and direct. Avoid ambiguity, and make sure each recommendation is easily understood. Avoid using jargon or complex terms that may confuse the reader. Use bullet points to highlight individual recommendations for easy readability.

5. Acknowledge potential challenges 🔗

It’s important to acknowledge the challenges of implementing your recommendations. This shows that you’ve carefully considered potential obstacles and are offering realistic solutions. For example, if your recommendation involves adopting a new technology, you could mention the potential costs, the need for training, or the resistance to change that might be encountered.

Common Mistakes to Avoid in Conclusions and Recommendations 🔗

While writing conclusions and recommendations, many researchers fall into the trap of making the following mistakes:

• Overloading with information: Avoid the temptation to restate all the details from your thesis. Instead, focus on the most significant points and ensure your writing is concise.
• Introducing new data: Don’t introduce new information or findings in these sections. The conclusion should summarize the research you’ve already presented.
• Being vague in recommendations: Recommendations should be specific and actionable. Avoid being overly general or abstract.
• Ignoring limitations: Not addressing the limitations of your study can make your thesis seem incomplete or overly optimistic. Acknowledge any weaknesses, even if they don’t detract from your findings.

Conclusion 🔗

Writing the conclusion and recommendations sections of a thesis is an opportunity to synthesize your research, reflect on its significance, and offer practical insights for future work. A strong conclusion summarizes the research and highlights its impact, while effective recommendations guide future research and practical applications. By linking your findings to actionable steps and being clear, concise, and realistic, you’ll create a lasting impression with your readers.

What do you think? How do you approach writing your thesis conclusion? Have you encountered any challenges while drafting recommendations? Share your thoughts in the comments below!

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Research Methodology

1 Introduction to Research in General

• Research in General
• Research Circle
• Tools of Research
• Methods: Quantitative or Qualitative
• The Product: Research Report or Papers

2 Original Unity of Philosophy and Science

• Myth Philosophy and Science: Original Unity
• The Myth: A Spiritual Metaphor
• Myth Philosophy and Science
• The Greek Quest for Unity
• The Ionian School
• Towards a Grand Unification Theory or Theory of Everything
• Einstein’s Perennial Quest for Unity

3 Evolution of the Distinct Methods of Science

• Definition of Scientific Method
• The Evolution of Scientific Methods
• Theory-Dependence of Observation
• Scope of Science and Scientific Methods
• Prevalent Mistakes in Applying the Scientific Method

4 Relation of Scientific and Philosophical Methods

• Definitions of Scientific and Philosophical method
• Philosophical method
• Scientific method
• The relation
• The Importance of Philosophical and scientific methods

5 Dialectical Method

• Introduction and a Brief Survey of the Method
• Types of Dialectics
• Dialectics in Classical Philosophy
• Dialectics in Modern Philosophy
• Critique of Dialectical Method

6 Rational Method

• Understanding Rationalism
• Rational Method of Investigation
• Descartes’ Rational Method
• Leibniz’ Aim of Philosophy
• Spinoza’ Aim of Philosophy

7 Empirical Method

• Common Features of Philosophical Method
• Empirical Method
• Exposition of Empiricism
• Locke’s Empirical Method
• Berkeley’s Empirical Method
• David Hume’s Empirical Method

8 Critical Method

• Basic Features of Critical Theory
• On Instrumental Reason
• Conception of Society
• Human History as Dialectic of Enlightenment
• Substantive Reason
• Habermasian Critical Theory
• Habermas’ Theory of Society
• Habermas’ Critique of Scientism
• Theory of Communicative Action
• Discourse Ethics of Habermas

9 Phenomenological Method (Western and Indian)

• Phenomenology in Philosophy
• Phenomenology as a Method
• Phenomenological Analysis of Knowledge
• Phenomenological Reduction
• Husserl’s Triad: Ego Cogito Cogitata
• Intentionality
• Understanding ‘Consciousness’
• Phenomenological Method in Indian Tradition
• Phenomenological Method in Religion

10 Analytical Method (Western and Indian)

• Analysis in History of Philosophy
• Conceptual Analysis
• Analysis as a Method
• Analysis in Logical Atomism and Logical Positivism
• Analytic Method in Ethics
• Language Analysis
• Quine’s Analytical Method
• Analysis in Indian Traditions

11 Hermeneutical Method (Western and Indian)

• The Power (Sakti) to Convey Meaning
• Three Meanings
• Pre-understanding
• The Semantic Autonomy of the Text
• Towards a Fusion of Horizons
• The Hermeneutical Circle
• The True Scandal of the Text
• Literary Forms

12 Deconstructive Method

• The Seminal Idea of Deconstruction in Heidegger
• Deconstruction in Derrida
• Structuralism and Post-structuralism
• Sign Signifier and Signified
• Writing and Trace
• Deconstruction as a Strategic Reading
• The Logic of Supplement
• No Outside-text

13 Method of Bibliography

• Preparing to Write
• Writing a Paper
• The Main Divisions of a Paper
• Writing Bibliography in Turabian and APA
• Sample Bibliography

14 Method of Footnotes

• Citations and Notes
• General Hints for Footnotes
• Writing Footnotes
• Examples of Footnote or Endnote
• Example of a Research Article

15 Method of Notes Taking

• Methods of Note-taking
• Note Book Style
• Note taking in a Computer
• Types of Note-taking
• Notes from Field Research
• Errors to be Avoided

16 Method of Thesis Proposal and Presentation

• Preliminary Section
• Presenting the Problem of the Thesis
• Design of the Study
• Main Body of the Thesis
• Conclusion Summary and Recommendations
• Reference Material

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How to Write a Dissertation Conclusion – Example & Tips

Published by Jamie Walker at August 13th, 2021 , Revised On July 12, 2024

It is imperative for students to understand how to  write a dissertation  conclusion in order to achieve the highest grade in their dissertation project.

The concluding chapter of the dissertation should be appealing to the readers and give an accurate but concise review of what your research revolves around with special emphasis on the outcomes  and recommendations that you have derived from your research study.

The illustration below provides an insight into  how a first-class dissertation is structured , and we will now look in complete detail over how to manage the conclusion chapter of your dissertation.

The conclusion of a dissertation or thesis generally connects the beginning of your research ( introduction ,  research problem ,  research questions ) to the findings and implications of your research.

You must relate to the major  findings of your research  and answer the research questions that your study raised. There is no need to hesitate to state the limitations of research because it is natural that your research will have some limitations rather than none.

Writing a dissertation conclusion is, perhaps, the most critical aspect of your research work which is why it is vitally important to not miss out on the key elements surrounding a great dissertation conclusion.

Dissertation Conclusion Guidelines

Dissertation conclusion is a core element of your dissertation or thesis paper which is why you will be required to follow a specific set of guidelines in order to showcase the findings of your study in a logical manner.

How to Start a Dissertation Conclusion

Always write your conclusion in clear and simple language.  Before starting to write the conclusion chapter, it is important that students become familiar with the assessment criteria and expected outcomes in order to avoid complexities at a later stage.

The aim of a dissertation conclusion is to provide a brief overview of the main research work so the readers can figure out how your research study will add value to the existing literature.

Moreover, recommendations for future research and practitioners should also be provided in this section.

Difference between Conclusion & Discussion

The contents of the  discussion  and conclusion chapters are similar, and they are typically grouped together in journal articles and scientific papers.

Depending on your academic institute and the subject of your degree program, you could be asked to put discussion and conclusion together under the same chapter in your dissertation or thesis paper.

However, typically in a  dissertation or thesis paper , it is common to have a separate chapter for the conclusion to briefly state answers for all research questions, and summarise and reflect on the research.

The conclusion chapter is considerably shorter in length than the discussion. Here you will be expected to provide general statements to give readers a final impression of your research.

On the other hand, in the discussion chapter of a dissertation , the author states the major findings, and their interpretations and implications.

Do not introduce any new information, arguments, meanings, and interpretations in the conclusion chapter.

Does your Dissertation Have the Following?

• Great Research/Sources
• Perfect Language
• Accurate Sources

If not, we can help. Our panel of experts makes sure to keep the 3 pillars of the Dissertation strong.

What to Write in a Conclusion

An important question that one must address before writing a dissertation conclusion is what to write in a conclusion?

In the best case scenario, you will summarise the findings of your entire research in a comprehensive manner, but at the same time ensure that you are not just restating the points covered in the main body.

The purpose here is to present a synthesis of the major points covered which is why it is advised not to include any new ideas relating to your research at this point.

Methodology in a dissertation  can be a taxing and time consuming matter because a large chunk of your research is based on the methods you have adopted.

Essentially, the methodology should relate to the literature you have reviewed and provide academic justification to your  choice of research methods  – be it quantitative, qualitative or a mix of both.

Students must make sure that they shed adequate light on the methodology part in their dissertation conclusion.

It is essential to keep the dissertation conclusion concise and to the point rather than going into unnecessary details which would rather be a part of the main body.

Writing a dissertation conclusion is not a strenuous task if you stick to the fact that your goal here is to provide insight, evaluations and implications of your research study.

Structuring a Dissertation Conclusion

While writing a dissertation conclusion, you must be particular about the fact that it gives reflection of a cohesive argument and supports the points you have covered in the main body.

Your conclusion should depict the importance of why you chose this  specific research topic  and the impact your study will have on the society.

Providing solutions to the problems you have identified and predicting what might happen in the near future leaves a very good impression on the readers, and some of them might well be inclined to consider your argument long after.

When pondering over how to write a dissertation conclusion, it is important to relate your ideas with academics who are closely followed by your supervisor.

Although the dissertation belongs to you and you have the full right to express your own views where appropriate, there is absolutely no harm in slightly aligning your views with other researchers in order to achieve a good score.

Dissertation Conclusion Limitations

Every dissertation is likely to suffer from limitations which is precisely the reason why students must acknowledge and appropriately address them.

Limitations is an integral part of your dissertation conclusion because it will also help your readers to  understand your research design and philosophical approach .

This brief segment reflects upon the importance of the inherent limitations been identified; the reasons behind your choice of methods; and possible ways to counter the limitations.

It is recommended never to hide the limitations associated with your research, because your tutor will probably have years of experience with  different methods of research  and they will figure out these limitations even if you have not specifically discussed them.

Simply highlighting the dissertation limitations is not a very good idea because every research limitation must accompany ways in which it can be combated. Dissertation limitations can be methodological or conceptual.

It is necessary to briefly touch upon both types of limitations so your supervisor can figure out what part of your research was stalled by lack of data, cultural biases, sampling etc.

This section of the dissertation conclusion chapter is generally based on a world count – 200-500 words so it is appropriate to discuss only the most significant limitations of your study.

Dissertation Conclusion Length

Another important question that you might want to address in the final phase of your research work is how long should dissertation conclusion be? The length of a dissertation conclusion is in direct correlation with the length of the full dissertation paper.

On a simple basis the longer or more detailed your research is, the longer the conclusion it will have, and vice versa. The length will often depend on the writer’s personal judgement and making a call on such a matter might well turn out to be the difference between an ordinary and  professional dissertation writer.

The length of a dissertation conclusion chapter is generally 5-7% of the total dissertation word count.

Addressing Research Questions in Dissertation Conclusion

Make sure that you start your conclusion chapter by directly addressing the  research questions  or the  research problem  that your dissertation or thesis intended to address.

Conclusion chapter gives you the final chance to demonstrate to your readers that your research achieved what was aimed at the beginning of the research.

Provide a clear, concise and to the point answer to your research questions. You are not expected to repeat what you have already said in the discussion part of the paper, rather turn readers’ attentions towards a final outcome.

Dissertation Conclusion Example

No matter how much you dig into the details of writing a conclusion for your dissertation, it is always nice to have a look at a full-fledged example for guidance purposes. The graphic below gives a summarised view of what is to be written in a dissertation conclusion.

Here is an example of how to write a dissertation conclusion to help you better understand.

How to Write Dissertation Conclusion Example

Here is a dissertation conclusion example of a dissertation that aimed to test a theoretical argument based on an analysis of a case study; Proposed anaerobic digestion plant in Tripoli.

Chapter 5 – Dissertation Conclusion 5.1 Background This chapter highlights the crux of the study by briefly describing objectives and literature survey. The feasibility of the proposed plant is then discussed, leading to the study’s limitations and difficulties. In the end, some recommendations for future work are provided in brief. Some suggestions to improve and highlight the renewable energy generation techniques are also part of the chapter. 5.2 Literature Review, Survey and Interviews A Valora process AD plant, with a capacity of 0.8 tones of food waste per day, is proposed to be established in the city of Tripoli. This plant can assist the national grid in meeting the rising demands of electricity in Tripoli and on the outskirts. Public opinion about establishing such a plant is taken by conducting a survey. The survey results suggest that the people of Tripoli understand the need for a WTE plant and ensure their cooperation for the separate household food waste if provided with the containers by the municipal authorities. The food waste to energy generation plant provides a solution for both household food waste management in Tripoli and generating an adequate amount of electricity to meet the rising demand. An informal session of interviews has been conducted with the experts from the Energy Agency of Libya. The opinion and observation-based data collection are done in order to opt for the interpretive approach of research adequately. All five respondents recommended the idea of establishing an AD plant in Tripoli-Libya. Their comments and suggestions have also validated the plant location selected in the research as an appropriate location for establishing a plant. The idea of energy generation using sustainable methods is the main point they’ve endorsed. The research provides the solution for both; waste management in Tripoli and the introduction of sustainable energy generation methods in Libya. 5.3 Feasibility of the Proposed System A detailed, feasibly study was conducted, including technical details such as the amount of biogas generation, plant type, equipment sizing, and proposed location for the plant. Initial finances, operation and management costs of the proposed AD plant are estimated in the financial analysis of the proposed plant. Life cycle assessment is compared with food waste management to evaluate the environmental effects of the plant. The analysis suggests that the proposed AD plant is economically, technically and ecologically feasible to establish on 3rd Ring Road in Tripoli. 5.4 Limitations and Difficulties Some of the limitations and difficulties involved in the process of digestion or establishing a digestion plant are listed as follows; 1. Since many WTE technologies are designed to handle mixed-type food waste such as solid waste and municipal waste etc. Running the plant with specifically food waste is difficult as food waste makes comparatively less amount than MSW as a whole. 2. Some other WTE challenges include high capital cost, waste-gas cleanup, regulatory hurdles, and conversion efficiency. 3. Since domestic utilization of generated electricity is a primary objective, and it adds a limitation where even distribution of electricity distribution in domestic buildings is not possible if the plant is located outside the residential area. This issue can be resolved by centralizing a substation for the proper transmission and distribution. 4. Since the accuracy of the estimated analysis depends entirely on the data, and missing fields affect the accuracy of the estimations. 5. Since the survey is conducted among non-technical people and represents their views, no primary data is available that accurately estimates the energy generation from the amount of food or biogas generation. The calculations of estimation of biogas yield and energy generation are based on the equations taken from secondary resources thus can be erroneous. 5.5 Future Work This study is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of establishing a large-scale plant to provide an alternative and renewable energy solution. The whole idea is applicable and implementable in the proposed area. Instead, in the future, the idea can be evaluated for the individual high-rise buildings to make them self-sufficient in energy demand and supply and to reduce the load on the national electricity grid. A cross-national study involving cost-benefit analysis of family-sized digesters in Tripoli is yet to analyze in order to predict the future of biogas technology in Libya. Information about government subsidies on renewable energy generation plants in Tripoli is important but unknown yet. This study revolves around the utilization of food waste collected from residential buildings only. Although hotels, restaurants, and canteens can also provide a considerably high amount of food waste and it is relatively easy for them to collect it separately. Thus further work can be based on the food waste collection from the food consumption areas. It is important to remember that there is no need to restate the research objectives in conclusion. Your statements should incorporate answers to research questions without you having to repeat those questions. Here is another example of dissertation conclusion.

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Summarising and Reflecting on Research

As mentioned before, the conclusion chapter gives you that final opportunity to restate what your research study intended to achieve, what approach you took in the process, where  findings  you came up as a result of your study, and whether or not they were according to your expectations. In short, a conclusion section needs to provide an overview of the building blocks of your research.

It is common to use a reflective style of writing here, rather than simply restating what you have already written in the previous chapters. This approach will also help you to avoid repetition.

For example, if there were limitations of your chosen research methodology then you might want to briefly state whether or not that could have influenced the results of your research study. You can also highlight any new insights that you recorded during the process.

Focus more on the positives of your study although you will be expected to concisely state the limitations of your research as well.

The research approach employed for this research study provided new insight into B even though it limited the generalizability of findings.

Recommendations for Future in Conclusion Chapter

Although it is common to provide recommendations for future research work in the discussion chapter, it will be a good idea to provide an overview of those endorsements in the conclusion chapter with a focus on the practical and theoretical consequences of your results.

Practitioners should consider A and B based on these conclusions….Further research needs to be conducted for better understanding in regards to the implications of these findings….The effects of the relationship between A and B are still unclear, and so further research must be conducted…

Research pertaining to a dissertation or thesis is usually expected to discover, enlighten, and educate rather than frame the results as essentials for practitioners and policymakers.

Any recommendations related to business, application, and strategy should be presented as propositions to avoid overstating the appositeness of your work.

Never undermine your research work when making propositions for future research. Your work should be recognized as complete, thorough, and reliable without the need for further research to confirm your conclusions.

Stress the Importance of Your Research in Conclusion

You don’t want your readers to leave with the impression that your work did not make a valuable contribution to the existing knowledge in your area of study. Here are some ideas to demonstrate how this is done;

• Referring back to the problem statement to help readers understand how your work addresses the research problem originally identified.
• Elaborate how your results validated or tested an existing hypothesis or theory.
• Stating how your research was able to fill a certain gap in existing knowledge as pointed out in the literature review.

Again, it is recommended to avoid repetition. You do not want to reiterate what you have already discussed in the previous chapter.

Dissertation Conclusion Help from Experts

Writing a dissertation is no mean feat because it requires complete dedication and attention to detail in order to secure a good grade.

Even the very first part of your dissertation – topic selection can become a cumbersome task because of the  need to select a topic with a sufficient amount of literature available on it.

Despite putting in a lot of effort, you might still end up with a grade that is well below your own expectations which is why it is sometimes better off to approach professionals providing dissertation writing services so that the complexities surrounding a top-quality dissertation are handled by people with specialized skill set.

As we approach the conclusion of this piece, it should be clear by now as to what students are expected to do in the final phase of their dissertations. In short, they should have a clear idea about  how to write a dissertation conclusion .

Finally, it is important not to let yourself down by writing a mediocre conclusion and consequently lose crucial marks. The hard part of your dissertation is already completed so it is worthwhile to put in a concentrated effort to end on a high and impress your supervisor.

Struggling with any Chapter of your Dissertation?

Whether it is your dissertation introduction, literature review, methodology, conclusion or any other chapter, our expert dissertation writers can help you succeed. With our dissertation chapter writing service, you can be confident of having your individual chapters completed to your school’s exact guidelines. Click here to learn more about our dissertation chapter writing service. Find out how our dissertation services can help you.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many pages is a dissertation conclusion.

The length of a dissertation conclusion varies but is typically around 1 to 2 pages. It succinctly summarizes key findings, discusses implications, and restates the significance of the study, providing a resolution to the research.

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How to Write a Strong Thesis Conclusion with Effective and Practical Examples

Struggling to wrap up your thesis? Learn how to write a strong conclusion that leaves a lasting impression, complete with practical examples!

A thesis conclusion is more than just the final section of your paper, it’s your chance to leave a lasting impression on your readers. This critical section ties all your research elements together, reinforces your argument, and highlights the significance of your findings. In short, it’s where you drive your point home.

Writing a well-rounded conclusion can feel daunting, but it’s also an opportunity to bring clarity and closure to your work. This guide will walk you through crafting a strong thesis conclusion, offering clear steps and practical examples to help you master this essential skill.

By the end of this article, you’ll have the tools to write a conclusion that ties your thesis together seamlessly and resonates with your audience.

Importance of a Strong Conclusion

A strong thesis conclusion isn’t just the final part of your paper, it’s your opportunity to solidify the contribution of your research and leave a lasting impression on your readers. This section ties together all the threads of your argument, ensuring your work feels complete and cohesive.

An effective conclusion:

Highlights the significance of your findings, showing their relevance within your field.

Engages the reader , leaving them with a clear understanding of your thesis’s purpose and impact.

Meets academic standards , demonstrating your ability to synthesize and articulate key ideas.

By providing closure to your argument, a well-written conclusion strengthens your thesis and ensures it resonates with your audience long after they’ve finished reading.

Key Components of a Thesis Conclusion

A well-crafted thesis conclusion brings your research to a satisfying close by including key elements that tie together your argument, findings, and contributions. Each component serves a specific purpose in creating a comprehensive and impactful conclusion.

1. Restating the Research Question

Start your conclusion by rephrasing the main research question or thesis statement. Use concise language to remind the reader of the primary objective of your study and establish a clear connection between the question and your findings.

Example: “This thesis set out to explore the relationship between renewable energy adoption and economic development in emerging economies.”

2. Summarizing Key Findings

Briefly summarize the most impactful results of your research. Focus on findings that directly answer your research question or support your thesis statement. This reinforces the core argument while keeping the summary concise and engaging.

Example: “The findings revealed that renewable energy adoption significantly reduces energy costs and fosters job creation, supporting sustainable economic growth.”

3. Discussing Implications of Research

Explain the broader significance of your findings. How do they contribute to your field, address societal challenges, or advance theoretical understanding? Connecting your results to real-world applications or broader theoretical frameworks enhances their relevance.

Example: “These results highlight the potential for renewable energy policies to drive economic growth while mitigating climate change, offering a model for sustainable development worldwide.”

4. Acknowledging Limitations

Include a brief discussion of your research’s limitations to demonstrate honesty and a realistic understanding of the study’s scope. Addressing challenges or constraints shows academic integrity and sets the stage for future improvements.

Example: “While this study provides valuable insights, its scope was limited to renewable energy adoption in emerging economies, which may not fully capture global trends.”

5. Recommendations for Future Research

Conclude with suggestions for future research that could build on your study. Highlight areas that are relevant, feasible, and impactful, inspiring further academic exploration.

Example: “Future studies could examine the long-term effects of renewable energy adoption on economic resilience or explore its impact in developed economies for a broader perspective.”

Step-By-Step Guide to Writing Your Conclusion

Writing a strong thesis conclusion requires a structured approach. Follow these steps to create a balanced, well-organized conclusion that effectively ties together your research and leaves a lasting impression.

Step 1: Craft a Brief Introduction

Start by reintroducing the purpose of your research and providing context for your conclusion. This opening should remind readers of the core focus of your study and prepare them for the key takeaways.

How to do it: Use one or two sentences to restate your research purpose in a way that feels fresh and concise. Avoid repeating your thesis statement word for word.

Example: “This thesis investigated the relationship between renewable energy adoption and economic growth, aiming to provide actionable insights for sustainable development policies.”

Step 2: Summarize Your Findings

Next, briefly summarize the key findings of your research. Highlight the most critical results that address your research objectives without repeating details already discussed in the body.

How to do it: Focus on results that directly support your thesis or answer your research question. Avoid including minor or tangential findings.

Example: “The findings demonstrate that renewable energy adoption reduces energy costs, fosters job creation, and enhances economic stability in emerging economies.”

Tip: Use concise language to maintain the reader’s engagement.

Step 3: Connect to the Research Questions

Link your findings back to the original research question to show how your study successfully addressed it. This step reinforces the relevance of your thesis and ensures your conclusion feels cohesive.

How to do it: Explicitly restate the research question and explain how your findings provide a clear answer.

Example: “By reducing costs and fostering job creation, the study confirms that renewable energy adoption is a key driver of economic growth in emerging economies, directly addressing the research question.”

Step 4: Discuss Implications and Limitations

Explore the broader significance of your findings while acknowledging any limitations of your study. Discuss how your research contributes to the field and what its real-world applications might be.

How to do it: Start with the implications, what do your findings mean for the field, society, or future research? Then address limitations with a realistic tone.

Implications: “These results highlight the potential for renewable energy policies to drive economic growth while mitigating climate change, offering a model for sustainable development.”

Limitations: “However, this study focused exclusively on emerging economies, and further research is needed to generalize these findings to developed countries.”

Tip: Be honest about limitations, as this demonstrates academic integrity.

Step 5: Provide Recommendations

End your conclusion with actionable recommendations for future research or practical applications. This step shows that your work is forward-thinking and opens the door for continued exploration.

How to do it: Offer suggestions that are directly tied to your findings, ensuring they are realistic and relevant.

“Future research could explore the long-term economic effects of renewable energy adoption or assess its scalability in urban areas of developed countries.”

“Policymakers should consider implementing renewable energy incentives to maximize both economic and environmental benefits.”

Examples of Strong Thesis Conclusions

Crafting an effective conclusion is essential to leaving a lasting impression on your readers. Below are examples from diverse fields, illustrating best practices in summarizing findings, connecting to research questions, and offering recommendations. Each example highlights specific strategies and techniques to create impactful conclusions.

Example: Health Sciences Thesis Conclusion

This conclusion ties back to the research question while emphasizing practical applications and broader significance:

"This study explored the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiovascular health in middle-aged adults. The findings demonstrate that HIIT significantly improves heart function, reduces cholesterol levels, and enhances overall fitness, particularly in individuals with sedentary lifestyles. These results validate the hypothesis that HIIT is an effective and time-efficient method for improving cardiovascular health."

"However, the study’s reliance on a relatively small sample size limits its generalizability. Future research should include larger, more diverse populations to confirm these results and explore the long-term benefits of HIIT on chronic disease prevention. Health practitioners and policymakers should consider integrating HIIT programs into public health initiatives to address the growing burden of cardiovascular diseases globally."

Example: Physics Thesis Conclusion

This example focuses on summarizing analytical results and proposing advancements in the field:

"This thesis investigated the thermal conductivity properties of graphene-based materials under varying temperature conditions. The results reveal that graphene exhibits exceptional thermal conductivity, making it an ideal candidate for advanced heat management applications in microelectronics. By correlating thermal performance with material thickness, this study provides new insights into optimizing graphene for practical use."

"Nevertheless, challenges remain in scaling graphene production for commercial applications. Future studies should prioritize the development of cost-effective manufacturing techniques and investigate the integration of graphene into existing technologies. These advancements will pave the way for revolutionary improvements in thermal management systems across industries."

Example: Social Sciences Thesis Conclusion

This conclusion emphasizes broader social implications, balancing findings, limitations, and future research suggestions:

"This research examined the impact of social media on political engagement among young voters. The findings indicate that social media platforms play a pivotal role in raising political awareness and mobilizing young voters, particularly during election campaigns. However, the study also highlights the risks of misinformation and polarization associated with social media use."

"While these results underscore the transformative potential of social media, the study’s focus on urban populations limits its applicability to rural or less digitally connected communities. Future research should explore the role of social media in diverse socio-economic settings to provide a more comprehensive understanding of its effects. Policymakers and educators should also collaborate to promote digital literacy programs, ensuring that young voters engage critically with online political content."

Common Mistakes to Avoid in Conclusions

A well-crafted conclusion leaves a lasting impression, but certain common pitfalls can undermine its effectiveness. Avoiding these mistakes ensures your conclusion is clear, cohesive, and impactful.

Introducing New Information

One of the most common errors is introducing new ideas or data in the conclusion. This can confuse readers and disrupt the cohesiveness of your paper. The conclusion is meant to summarize and reflect on your existing research, not to present fresh arguments or findings.

How to avoid it: Focus solely on restating your thesis, summarizing key findings, and discussing implications. If you find new points emerging, incorporate them earlier in the body of the paper.

Being Vague or General

Using broad, unspecific language weakens the conclusion’s impact. Generic statements like “This research is important” fail to convey the depth or significance of your work. Specificity ensures that your conclusion resonates with readers and reinforces your argument.

How to avoid it: Use concise, targeted language to highlight key takeaways. For instance, instead of saying “This study makes a contribution to renewable energy,” specify “This study demonstrates how renewable energy adoption can drive economic growth in emerging economies.”

Overly Lengthy Conclusions

A conclusion that drags on for too long risks diluting its purpose and losing the reader’s attention. Overloading the conclusion with unnecessary details can make it feel repetitive and unbalanced.

How to avoid it: Stick to the key components—restating your thesis, summarizing findings, discussing implications, and providing recommendations. Keep the conclusion concise and focused, ensuring it serves as a clear and effective closing statement.

By avoiding these common mistakes, you can craft a thesis conclusion that is professional, focused, and impactful, leaving your readers with a strong and lasting impression.

Master the Art of a Compelling Thesis Conclusion

A strong thesis conclusion ties your research together, reinforces its significance, and leaves a lasting impression. By following the steps and examples outlined in this guide, you can craft a conclusion that is clear, concise, and impactful.

For additional support, consider using Jenni AI , a writing assistant designed to streamline academic tasks, helping you craft effective conclusions and elevate your academic writing.

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How To Write a Thesis Conclusion – Example & Tips

A thesis conclusion is the last and the most crucial section of your thesis or dissertation. It is the summary of the dissertation. Put it this way: the conclusion paragraph is your entire dissertation wrapped in a few paragraphs. But, concluding a thesis is never easy for many people. Therefore, what is the best way for concluding a thesis or dissertation?

In this post, we will take a closer look at the dissertation conclusion to help you understand how to write a winning conclusion for a research paper as well as a thesis. We will narrow it down further to outline the best structure of a conclusion.

What is the Importance of the Conclusion Paragraph?

Discussion vs conclusion, what is the best format for writing a conclusion, get a sigh of relief concluding thesis.

Before digging deeper into the mechanics of how to write a conclusion for a research paper or thesis, you need to ask yourself the question: “Why is it important?”

Your dissertation conclusion is the last part that you work on after completing the research and the write-up. No matter the area of study you are focusing on, the conclusion can help you to achieve the following goals:

• Answering the research questions that you posed in the first chapter of the dissertation.
• The conclusion paragraph is the part where you reflect on the dissertation.
• In the conclusion, you draw the recommendations for additional studies in areas where you found gaps.
• When writing a dissertation conclusion, you demonstrate what new knowledge you are contributing to the field.

Note that just like the rest of the dissertation, you should not shy from asking your supervisor for a great dissertation conclusion example, especially from past students. This is very important because your department might have a preferred format for writing dissertation conclusions. You can also get a perfect example of a conclusion in the thesis as you research your topic.

When designing a conclusion format, it is important to differentiate it from the results and discussion parts of the thesis. This will help you to strike the perfect flow and win the readers’ affection.

The dissertation results chapter outlines the findings you generated from the research. You should use tables and graphs to demonstrate the findings of the study. The results chapter comes before the discussion.

In the discussion section, you delve deeper into the results you have just presented. You are simply deciphering the findings in line with your research questions. It is the discussion that will set the stage for approving or disproving the thesis statement that you outlined in the first chapter.

NOTE: In some colleges, the results and discussions are put together into one chapter. Therefore, it is very important to follow your college’s recommendation.

While the results and discussions focus more on the results, the conclusion wraps up the entire dissertation. If your dissertation ends at the discussion part, the reader will be left hanging. But writing the conclusion makes the dissertation feel complete and authentic.

As you think about how to write a conclusion, there is one question you need to get right: “How long should a conclusion be?” If you are writing a conclusion for a standard research paper or short thesis, one to three paragraphs should suffice. To put it in percentage, the conclusion should be about 5% of the overall word count. Therefore, you should start by establishing “how long should a thesis be”.

In most cases, the conclusion for empirical scientific research is generally short while that of humanities dissertations is longer. Here is the best format for how to end a research paper or thesis.

• Start by answering the thesis question: Your conclusion should commence by restating the main thesis question that you anticipate answering. Finally, you have the opportunity to answer the question. Ensure the answer is clear and concise.
• Reflect on the research that you have just finished: After stating the study question, you need to remind the marker or readers why the study was important. Why did you set off on the journey, what was the anticipation, and did the results confirm the expectation? Give an overview of steps that were used during the research and construction of your argument.

At this point, you might be wondering – do I summarize every chapter? The answer is ‘no.’ Instead, you should write more reflectively and answer whether the methodology used was effective in answering the study questions. Make sure also to mention the limitations you experienced during the study.

• Outline recommendations: Although you might have noted the areas that need further research when discussing results, the conclusion is a perfect place to elaborate. Its recommendations interweave well with personal reflections. Try to make recommendations specific. Here are some examples of how to frame recommendations:

Further studies are needed to establish the implications of …. From the conclusion, sociology researchers should consider ….. To understand the effects of the findings, further research can help to ….

• What was your contribution? This part of the conclusion is used to answer the question: “So what?” It provides the right impression of how the thesis contributed to the researcher’s field of study. To achieve this, you can use the following strategies:

Revisit the study problem statement and explain how the thesis helped to solve it. Refer to the study’s literature review to demonstrate how the dissertation has helped to fill the existing gap. If your dissertation is in humanities, you can demonstrate how the findings challenged or confirmed the current viewpoints, assumptions, or theories.

Note that the conclusion should not appear as a stand-alone chapter in the dissertation. Rather, it should articulately interweave with the rest of the paper. To perfect your skills, make sure to also check top conclusion paragraph examples from other students.

From this post on how to write a conclusion paragraph, there is no doubt that you should find it an easy and enjoyable process. After working so hard to complete the dissertation, the conclusion paragraph is simply aimed at wrapping everything up. To get the best conclusions, you should also read top-rated conclusion paragraph examples to see how experts do it. But we must agree that even with this simplified demonstration, crafting the perfect conclusion paragraph is no easy task. It takes time and practice.

There are times when students, even after working on the biggest chunk of their dissertations, feel inadequate to write the conclusions. Often, the process can be complicated when you are required to follow specific models such as MLA or APA conclusions. Even if you have the best conclusion examples and working hard to hone your writing skills, a tight deadline or other engagements might make it hard to craft the best. If you feel inadequate about writing a Harvard or MLA format conclusion because of any reason, do not hesitate to seek writing help.

Writing help is offered by expert writers who understand the structure of Ph.D. conclusion chapters to guarantee you the best grades. No matter your area of study, the experts are cheap and will get you the best. In addition to helping you write the conclusion, they can also provide you with the best sample of a conclusion paragraph for practice. What a great way to sharpen your skills in dissertation writing?

Do not let writing a thesis conclusion stress you: Use this post to make it fun!

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How to Write a Dissertation or Thesis Conclusion: Guide & Examples

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A dissertation conclusion serves as the final chapter and is often the last thing the reader will see. It should provide a concise summary of the research project, including the research questions or hypotheses, the methods used to conduct the research, and the key findings and conclusions. The conclusion section should also discuss the implications of the research, including its significance for the field and any practical applications of the findings.

Are you a PhD, doctorate, or bachelor student looking forward to writing your dissertation/thesis conclusion and don't know where to start? Stop worrying — help is here. Continue reading this blog post to gain an idea on how to write a conclusion for a thesis or dissertation. In this article, we will discuss what a dissertation conclusion is, its length, and what it should include. Our dissertation services  also provided examples, and explained some typical mistakes you have to avoid.

What Is a Dissertation Conclusion?

So, what is a thesis conclusion? It is a concluding chapter in a dissertation or thesis paper. It is the last section of an academic work, carefully written to summarize the information discussed in a document and offer readers insight into what the research has achieved. Your dissertation or thesis conclusion should be well-drafted as it is a reference point that people will remember most. The purpose of dissertation conclusion is to give those reading a sense of closure and reiterate any critical issues discussed. Each conclusion for dissertation should be concise, clear, and definitive. Also, its aim is to offer recommendations for further investigation as well as give readers an understanding of the dissertation discussion chapter .

Thesis or Dissertation Conclusion Length

The conclusion of a thesis or a dissertation is a long chapter — not one single sentence but a whole page or more. Generally, it should be 5–7% of the overall word count. The length of a thesis or dissertation conclusion chapter depends on several factors, such as your academic field, research topic , and stated number of pages. However, it can vary depending on other circumstances. Indeed, you should always refer to each set of your university guidelines for writing conclusions. It's important to note that this section ought not to introduce any new information and be a summary of the research findings. Also, every dissertation conclusion must not be too long as it can distract from other aspects of your thesis. Make sure that you provide a balanced summary and avoid repeating yourself. Lastly, it has to be long enough to discuss its implications for future studies.

What to Include in the Conclusion of a Dissertation or Thesis?

Writing a thesis conclusion can be challenging, but every student needs to understand how to create it, as this is one of the most critical parts of your Ph.D. work. Below is the list of things every dissertation conclusion structure should include:

• Summary of the major findings of your research Summarize the main points discussed in your work.
• Implications of your research Discuss your study's implications for future research and academic fields. Doing this here is essential to indicate an author's transparency and willingness to accept the flaws of their report.
• Recommendations for further study Provide suggestions for the next investigation if needed.
• Reviewing any limitations and weaknesses of the research process and findings It is an integral part of dissertation conclusions as it allows authors to reflect on the process.
• Evaluation or analysis of your findings Analyze your research findings and provide an assessment.
• Conclusion statement Provide a specific conclusion that summarizes your thesis or dissertation.

Hopefully, these tips on writing a conclusion chapter for your thesis or dissertation will help you finish your work confidently. All these components should be present when writing a conclusion for thesis or dissertation. Additionally, ensure that you do not repeat yourself. Lastly, keep your length appropriate and based on your university guidelines.

How to Write a Dissertation Conclusion Chapter?

When writing this chapter, you should ensure its content is clear and concise. Equipping yourself with some knowledge of how to write a conclusion for a dissertation or thesis is imperative, as it will help you keep your piece organized, logical, and interesting. This chapter is the last part of your work that your professors or readers will read, and it should make a lasting impression on them. Below is a step-by-step instruction on how to write a dissertation conclusion section.

1. Restate Your Research Question and Answer It

While writing a dissertation conclusion, your first step is to restate the research question offered in your dissertation introduction and reveal the answer. It is essential to do this in your conclusion in thesis or dissertation because it helps readers be aware of every primary point you were trying to achieve in writing. In addition, restating available research questions in your conclusion in a dissertation or thesis will also make people understand the significance of your inquiry. In other words, it should remind people of the original purpose of writing. Provide further insights into a topic when answering each research question. In addition, responses must be related to your dissertation results section and offer evidence for any conclusions you made in your study. When writing a dissertation conclusion chapter, you ought to be able to give a meaningful response to the study question that adds value to your work. Keeping replies short, concise, and clear will help you to avoid writing irrelevant content. Below is an example of how to start a dissertation conclusion:

In conclusion, this research has successfully answered the primary research question: how does gender discrimination impact job satisfaction in the workplace? The study determined that gender discrimination directly impacts job satisfaction and can make employees feel demoralized, undervalued, and frustrated. Furthermore, employers must create policies and initiatives promoting workplace inclusion and equality. It can help employees feel valued, respected, and satisfied.

2. Summarize Key Points

The next element in your conclusion section is summarizing the main points of your dissertation. In this section, students need to reflect on their study and mention critical findings and the methodology's effectiveness. Straightforwardly compose your summary and ensure you use your own words to write a conclusion in a dissertation. Avoid copying and pasting sentences from other parts of your work to evade plagiarism and repetition. In concluding a dissertation, each written summary should include findings, results, data, and additional relevant literature. The following is an example of how to summarize a dissertation:

The study aimed to research the effects of gender discrimination on job satisfaction in the workplace. A survey was conducted on 106 participants across different industries using qualitative and quantitative research methods, allowing data collection from employees. Findings revealed that gender discrimination has a direct impact and can lead to feeling demoralized, undervalued, and frustrated. On the other hand, the research found that inclusivity and equality initiatives can help employees feel better about their job roles. Therefore, it is essential that organizations take adequate steps to create a more inclusive and equitable workstation.

3. Explain Why Your Study Is Valuable

After summarizing your key points, the next step to writing a dissertation conclusion is to explain why your research was valuable. Here you should provide readers with an additional perspective of the study to better understand the importance of your study. When it's time to write a conclusion to a thesis paper or dissertation, you must explain what makes it worthwhile to any academic or scientific community. It can include topics such as answering a critical research question, using unique methods to explore an issue, or discovering something new about an existing topic. You should note that you have to provide further recommendations to help improve the research. Composing a dissertation conclusion shows how your work has impacted the field of study, either in progress or resolving an existing problem. It is essential to demonstrate how your study contributes to future studies and influences society or policymaking. Doing this is crucial in your dissertation conclusion chapter as it shows readers the importance of research in that field and validates what you have achieved throughout your investigation. Also, explaining some study implications to society will help people understand why this topic is valuable and relevant. Below you can find an example of how to write contributions in a dissertation conclusion:

The research discussed in this work demonstrates that gender discrimination directly impacts job satisfaction in the workplace. The results of this study have several implications for society, most notably for employers, to create policies and initiatives to promote workplace inclusion. In addition, it's valuable to organizations to help them make more equitable and inclusive offices, to academics to inform their research on diversity and inclusivity, and to policymakers to develop initiatives to reduce gender discrimination in places of work. The research provides valuable insight to inform future studies on this topic and serves to highlight the need to create policies to protect employees from gender discrimination better.

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4. Mention the Limitations of Your Study

When writing a thesis or dissertation conclusion, mentioning your study's limitations is imperative. It includes discussing any issues you encountered in collecting data, constraints that limited your research, and specific parameters. Citing these shortcomings can help provide insight into why certain elements may not be included in your work and explain any discrepancies your readers might have noticed and, hence, missing in your conclusion chapter. Additionally, writing about any drawbacks can deliver an opportunity to offer further suggestions for future studies and make recommendations on how best to address these uncovered issues. In concluding a dissertation, constraints should not be seen as unfavorable but rather as an additional chance to deliver more understanding of your investigation. Limitations in a thesis conclusion example can look as follows:

The study is subject to some limitations, such as small sample size and limited scope of data collection. Moreover, due to time constraints, this research did not address some potential implications of gender discrimination in other areas, such as pay, career development, and career advancement. Future studies could further explore these topics in more depth to gain a more comprehensive understanding of their effects on job satisfaction.

When writing about identified limitations of the research, you demonstrate to readers that you considered critical shortcomings and that you are aware of available potential issues. That will provide insight into addressing these limitations and help display your researching and writing credibility.

5. Offer Recommendations Based on Implications

Including recommendations is an integral part of writing every conclusion of a dissertation. In this section, you can provide insight into how to address any issues you have uncovered in your study and make suggestions for future research. When including recommendations, you should first give an overview of the implications of your research and then link it to how you may deal with them. A bachelor conclusion ought to consist of advice for students to guide their future writing. Offer insights for further investigation based on data results and analysis of literature review . Below is an example of how to write dissertation conclusion recommendations:

The research discussed in this study provides several implications for employers, academics, and policymakers. For employers, the results of this study suggest that they should create policies and initiatives to promote workplace inclusion and diversity. Academics can use these findings to inform their research on gender discrimination in the workplace, and policymakers can develop initiatives to reduce it. Furthermore, future studies should explore other potential implications of gender discrimination in the workplace, such as pay, career development, and career advancement. Doing so would provide a more comprehensive understanding of the issue and potential solutions.

6. Conclude Your Dissertation with a Summary

The end of conclusion final chapter will close with a summary of the study. Wrapping up your dissertation or thesis conclusions is an excellent way to leave long-lasting impressions on your readers and ensure they remember all critical points of your research. You should summarize key points from previous sections and how they contribute to your overall context. When writing the conclusion chapter of a dissertation, the summary should be brief but comprehensive. Moreover, these findings can offer an innovative perspective on how to conclude a thesis or a dissertation. It provides comprehensive insights into outcomes and their relevance in today's world. Here is how to wrap up a conclusion of a dissertation example:

Overall, the findings from this research suggest that gender discrimination in the workplace has adverse effects on job satisfaction. Such discrimination often takes the form of unequal pay, career development opportunities, and access to promotions. Employers should take action to create policies that promote workplace inclusion and diversity to address this problem. Additionally, academics and policymakers should further explore the implications of gender discrimination in the workplace and develop initiatives to reduce it. The research provides a valuable starting point for understanding this complex issue and offers insight into potential solutions.

Thesis & Dissertation Conclusion Examples

Before writing a thesis or dissertation conclusion, you are encouraged to check at least two examples. These instances can provide insights on effectively linking your key findings with possible implications for future studies. In addition, you may use these examples as guides to writing your dissertation conclusions. Attached below is a thesis conclusion example sample.

Thesis paper conclusion example

Dissertation conclusion example

Mistakes to Avoid When Writing Dissertation Conclusions

Mistakes are inevitable when writing conclusions in a dissertation, but you can avoid them through careful proofreading and editing. Including new information or data in your dissertation or thesis conclusion chapter is one such mistake. The chapter should only incorporate information or data already mentioned and discussed in other preceding body paragraphs. How not to write a dissertation conclusion can be seen in complex language, lengthy sentences, and confusing grammar. In addition, one should evade making unsubstantiated claims or generalizations not supported by research findings. Shun writing phrases or any argument considered jargon. Lastly, ensuring that the conclusion chapter in a dissertation answers the research question and that you have provided sufficient evidence to support your conclusions is essential. Therefore, we simply recommend that you review and proofread it before submission. Following these tips mentioned above and examples of dissertation or thesis conclusions should help you write effectively.

Dissertation/ Thesis Dissertation Conclusion Writing Checklist

Writing a conclusion to a thesis paper or dissertation can be daunting because there is a lot of pressure to ensure you wrap up all the key points and tie together any loose ends. Checklists are helpful guides. The reason is that they provide practical tips on how to write dissertation conclusions by breaking each writing process down into manageable steps. Below is a checklist of important things you should keep in mind and follow when writing any conclusion:

Final Thoughts on Dissertation Conclusion

The article discussed how to write the conclusion of a dissertation or thesis writing. It has outlined some critical steps and provided a checklist that you can use as a practical guide. Reasonable inferences require clear objectives, knowing the appropriate structure, addressing any limitations within your work, summarizing key points, providing recommendations for further research, and citing sources appropriately. Also, we offered some samples of how to write a thesis conclusion example. Following these steps will ensure that you conclude your dissertation or thesis writing successfully. Finally, proofread and edit your writing to provide high-quality outcome. All these tips will help you in writing a thesis or dissertation conclusion chapter that is effective and comprehensive.

Keep in mind that our expert writers are always here to support you! They can assist in preparing any section of your study. While we are assisting you with writing, you are relaxing your mind or focusing on other important tasks!

FAQ About How to Write a Conclusion to a Thesis or Dissertation

1. how to write a good thesis conclusion.

When writing every thesis conclusion, it's essential to focus on summarizing the key points, providing implications to that broader field, addressing any limitations, and making recommendations for further study. Additionally, it should be concise, clear, logical, and coherent. Finally, it's crucial to proofread and edit it to ensure its high quality.

2. How to start a dissertation conclusion?

Beginning each dissertation's concluding chapter is best done by restating the research question, as it provides the link between your introduction, research objectives, and conclusion. That allows an individual to transition smoothly into summarizing all main points from the discussion. For you to start a dissertation conclusion chapter effectively, it is essential to understand the purpose of writing it in the first place.

4. What is the difference between discussion and conclusion?

The difference between a discussion and a conclusion is in the depth of exploration. A discussion is a detailed assessment of the results, while a conclusion is shorter and more general. The discussion section will usually include a detailed analysis of the data collected, while the conclusion section will often provide an overview of the key points and implications. Additionally, this part will offer recommendations for further research.

3. Can I add new data in a conclusion of the dissertation?

No, including new data in the conclusion of a dissertation is not advisable. This section should summarize the research objectives, findings, and implications. Adding new data would not be appropriate as it may create confusion or inconsistency throughout your research. Conversely, it is prudent to summarize every content your work addresses.

5. How to end a thesis or a dissertation?

The end of a dissertation or a thesis should be memorable and end on a high note. One way to accomplish this is by including something unforgettable, such as a question, warning, or call to action. It will give every reader something to think about and engage in further discussion. 

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• checkbox There is a summary of the research objectives and findings.
• checkbox I have covered research implications for a broader field.
• checkbox I have offered study limitations and how to address them in future exploration.
• checkbox I have provided recommendations for further research and applications of the findings.
• checkbox I have made a summary of all main points from the discussion section.
• checkbox I have explained why I chose that particular field for examination.
• checkbox My main conclusions are stated.
• checkbox I have proofread and edited my work after completion.

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• Writing thesis sections - Part 1

Writing the conclusion

The conclusion of your thesis, whether embedded in or separated from your discussion chapter, should create a strong closure to your thesis as it leads out to future research and pathways.

Key conclusion moves

• Summarise the research by restating the research problem and aim, providing a succinct answer to these, and recapping the key findings and evidence
• Unpack the implications of your contribution for theory, practice, research and/or policy in the field
• Acknowledge the limitations and scope of your research
• Address the next frontier: ‘what’s next?’ - make specific recommendations for future work in the field: what could be done to apply or further your research?

Depending on your discipline, you could include a section reflecting on your professional learning as a researcher through the study, especially if you started the thesis with a personal anecdote. Keep your conclusion  concise – it could be just several pages long.

Compare the differences between discussions and conclusions in the table below:

Gather ideas for the conclusion

As you write or edit  your thesis, gather in one place ideas that don’t quite fit the tight purpose of an earlier chapter, or ideas that you would love to develop in another project. These can provide fresh material for the conclusion. For example, they can become statements about the social implications of your research or your recommendations for future investigations.

Align the conclusion with earlier parts of thesis

The introduction and conclusion, as well as the mini-introductions and mini-conclusions of the core chapters, form the bulk of a thesis narrative as they give readers a holistic perspective of the research.

To align the conclusion:

• Make sure it addresses the same problem you set out in the introduction
• If an anecdote or another kind of hook has been used to start the introduction, think about ending the thesis with a return to the hook
• Assess whether you need to adjust the introduction or earlier parts of the thesis to fit your conclusions, or whether the conclusions themselves need to be adjusted.

Explore example introductions and conclusions

In this activity, you’ll read short introduction and conclusion excerpts from two example theses. As you read, think about the ways the author has linked or connected their conclusions to their introductions. Then, turn each card to read a brief commentary.

Conclusions - practice getting to the point(s)

Boostering your introduction and conclusion

Use the side menu to go the next section: Using disciplinary conventions , where we discuss how to use the conventions of your discipline.