introduction writing essay

How to Write an Introduction

An introduction for an essay or research paper is the first paragraph, which explains the topic and prepares the reader for the rest of the work. Because it’s responsible for both the reader’s first impression and setting the stage for the rest of the work, the introduction paragraph is arguably the most important paragraph in the work. 

Knowing how to write an introduction paragraph is a great skill, not just for writers, but for students and researchers as well. Here, we explain everything you need to know to write the best introduction, such as what to include and a step-by-step process, with some introduction paragraph examples. 

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What is an introduction?

Your introduction is a way of preparing your reader for your paper. As the first paragraph of your writing , it makes the first impression and sets the reader’s expectations for tone, voice, and writing style. More importantly, your introduction provides the necessary background for your reader to understand your paper’s purpose and key points. 

The introduction is also a way to engage and captivate your reader. An interesting, thought-provoking, or generally entertaining introduction makes your reader excited to keep reading—and an eager reader is an attentive reader.  

What to include in an introduction

Introductions generally follow the writing style of the author and the format for the type of paper—for example, opening with a joke is appropriate for some essays, but not research papers . However, no matter what your writing style is or what kind of paper you’re writing, a good introduction includes at least three parts: 

• A hook to capture the reader’s attention
• Background for context
• A clearly defined thesis statement or main point of your paper

How to write a hook

The hook refers to anything that grabs (or “hooks”) your reader’s attention and makes them interested. This could be a mystery, such as posing a question and only answering it at the end of your paper. Or it could be a shocking statistic, something that makes your reader rethink what they thought they knew and become curious for more information. 

Hooks can be even more creative. Some papers start with an analogy or parable to present complicated topics in a way that someone with little experience can understand. Likewise, many writers opt to use personal anecdotes to show a more human side and spark an emotional connection with the reader. 

When all else fails, you can use a poignant quote. If you’re having trouble putting your thoughts into words, maybe one of the great minds from history has already said it well. 

You can read all about how to write a hook here, including more detailed instructions and examples. 

How to add background information

Not every paper requires background knowledge, but sometimes your reader needs to catch up or understand the context before you make your original points. 

If you’re writing about something factual, such as a scientific or historical paper, you may need to provide a small lesson on the basics. For example, if you’re writing about the conflict between ancient Egypt and Nubia, you might want to establish the time period and where each party was located geographically. 

Just don’t give too much away in the introduction. In general, introductions should be short. If your topic requires extensive background to understand, it’s best to dedicate a few paragraphs to this after the introduction. 

How to write a thesis statement

Every good introduction needs a thesis statement , a sentence that plainly and concisely explains the main topic. Thesis statements are often just a brief summary of your entire paper, including your argument or point of view for personal essays. For example, if your paper is about whether viewing violent cartoons impacts real-life violence, your thesis statement could be: 

Despite the rhetoric and finger-pointing, no evidence has connected live-action role-play violence with real-world violence, but there is plenty of evidence for exoneration, as I explain here.  

Learning to write a good thesis statement is an essential writing skill, both in college and the world of work, so it’s worth taking the time to learn. The rule of thumb for thesis statements is not to give everything away all at once. Thesis statements, and more broadly introductions, should be short and to the point, so save the details for the rest of the paper. 

How to write an introduction paragraph in 6 steps

1 decide on the overall tone and formality of your paper.

Often what you’re writing determines the style: The guidelines for how to write an introduction for a report are different from those for how to write an English essay introduction. Even the different types of essays have their own limitations; for example, slang might be acceptable for a personal essay, but not a serious argumentative essay. 

Don’t force yourself to write in a style that’s uncomfortable to you. If you’re not good at making jokes, you don’t need to. As long as your writing is interesting and your points are clear, your readers won’t mind.  

2 Write your thesis statement 

At the beginning of writing a paper, even before writing the research paper outline , you should know what your thesis is. If you haven’t already, now is the time to put that thesis into words by writing your thesis statement. 

Thesis statements are just one sentence, but they are usually the most important sentence in your entire work. When your thesis is clearly defined, your readers will often use it as an anchor to understand the rest of the writing. 

The key to writing a good thesis statement is knowing what to ignore. Your thesis statement should be an overview, not an outline. Save the details, evidence, and personal opinions for the body of the paper. 

If you’re still having trouble, ask yourself how you’d explain this topic to a child. When you’re forced to use small words and simplify complex ideas, your writing comes across more clearly and is easier to understand. This technique also helps you know which details are necessary up front and which can wait until later .

3 Consider what background information your reader needs 

Don’t take your own experience for granted. By this point in the writing process , you’ve probably already finished your research, which means you’re somewhat of an expert on the topic. Think back to what it was like before you learned: What did you wish you had known then? 

Even if your topic is abstract, such as an ethical debate, consider including some context on the debate itself. How long has the ethical debate been happening? Was there a specific event that started it? Information like this can help set the scene so your reader doesn’t feel like they’re missing something. 

4 Think of a good hook

Writing a hook can be the most difficult part of writing an introduction because it calls for some creativity. While the rest of your paper might be presenting fact after fact, the hook in your introduction often requires creating something from nothing. 

Luckily, there are already plenty of tried-and-true strategies for how to start an essay . If you’re not feeling very creative, you can use a method that’s already been proven effective. 

Just remember that the best hooks create an emotional connection—which emotion is up to you and your topic. 

5 Write a rough draft of your introduction without pressure

It’s normal to clam up when writing a rough draft of your introduction. After all, the introduction always comes first, so it’s the first thing you write when you finally begin. 

As explained in our guide to writing a rough draft , the best advice is not to pressure yourself. It’s OK to write something that’s messy—that’s what makes this draft rough . The idea here is to get words on paper that make your point. They don’t have to be the perfect words; that’s what revisions are for. 

At the beginning, just worry about saying what needs to be said. Get down your hook and thesis statement, and background information if necessary, without worrying about how it sounds. You’ll be able to fix the problems later.

6 Revise your introduction after you’ve written your whole paper.

We recommend finishing the first draft of your entire paper before revising the introduction. You may make some changes in your paper’s structure when writing the first draft, and those changes should be reflected in the introduction.

After the first draft, it’s easier to focus on minutiae like word choice and sentence structure, not to mention finding spelling and grammar mistakes.

Introduction for an essay example

While other kids’ memories of circuses are happy and fun, what I recall most from my first time at a circus was feeling sorry for the animals—I can still remember the sadness in their eyes. [HOOK] Although animal rights in the circus have come a long way, their treatment of animals even under the new laws is still cruelty plain and simple. [BACKGROUND] The way circuses abuse animals needs to be abolished immediately, and we need to entirely rethink the way we use animals for entertainment. [THESIS STATEMENT]  

Introduction for a research paper example

What would happen to humanity if everyone just stopped having babies? [HOOK] Although more endemic in some places than others, the global decline in birth rates has become a major issue since the end of the pandemic. [BACKGROUND] My research here shows not only that birth rates are declining all over the world, but also that unless the threats are addressed, these drastic declines will only get worse. [THESIS STATEMENT] 

Introduction FAQs

An introduction is the first paragraph in an essay or research paper. It prepares the reader for what follows. 

What’s the purpose of an introduction?

The goal of the introduction is to both provide the necessary context for the topic so the reader can follow along and also create an emotional connection so the reader wants to keep reading. 

What should an introduction include?

An introduction should include three things: a hook to interest the reader, some background on the topic so the reader can understand it, and a thesis statement that clearly and quickly summarizes your main point. 

How to Write an Essay Introduction (with Examples)   

The introduction of an essay plays a critical role in engaging the reader and providing contextual information about the topic. It sets the stage for the rest of the essay, establishes the tone and style, and motivates the reader to continue reading. 

Table of Contents

What is an essay introduction , what to include in an essay introduction, how to create an essay structure , step-by-step process for writing an essay introduction , how to write an essay introduction paragraph with paperpal – step -by -step, how to write a hook for your essay , how to include background information , how to write a thesis statement .

• Argumentative Essay Introduction Example: 
• Expository Essay Introduction Example 

Literary Analysis Essay Introduction Example

Check and revise – checklist for essay introduction , key takeaways , frequently asked questions .

An introduction is the opening section of an essay, paper, or other written work. It introduces the topic and provides background information, context, and an overview of what the reader can expect from the rest of the work. 1 The key is to be concise and to the point, providing enough information to engage the reader without delving into excessive detail. 

The essay introduction is crucial as it sets the tone for the entire piece and provides the reader with a roadmap of what to expect. Here are key elements to include in your essay introduction: 

• Hook : Start with an attention-grabbing statement or question to engage the reader. This could be a surprising fact, a relevant quote, or a compelling anecdote. 
• Background information : Provide context and background information to help the reader understand the topic. This can include historical information, definitions of key terms, or an overview of the current state of affairs related to your topic. 
• Thesis statement : Clearly state your main argument or position on the topic. Your thesis should be concise and specific, providing a clear direction for your essay. 

Before we get into how to write an essay introduction, we need to know how it is structured. The structure of an essay is crucial for organizing your thoughts and presenting them clearly and logically. It is divided as follows: 2  

• Introduction:  The introduction should grab the reader’s attention with a hook, provide context, and include a thesis statement that presents the main argument or purpose of the essay.  
• Body:  The body should consist of focused paragraphs that support your thesis statement using evidence and analysis. Each paragraph should concentrate on a single central idea or argument and provide evidence, examples, or analysis to back it up.  
• Conclusion:  The conclusion should summarize the main points and restate the thesis differently. End with a final statement that leaves a lasting impression on the reader. Avoid new information or arguments. 

Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to write an essay introduction: 

• Start with a Hook : Begin your introduction paragraph with an attention-grabbing statement, question, quote, or anecdote related to your topic. The hook should pique the reader’s interest and encourage them to continue reading. 
• Provide Background Information : This helps the reader understand the relevance and importance of the topic. 
• State Your Thesis Statement : The last sentence is the main argument or point of your essay. It should be clear, concise, and directly address the topic of your essay. 
• Preview the Main Points : This gives the reader an idea of what to expect and how you will support your thesis. 
• Keep it Concise and Clear : Avoid going into too much detail or including information not directly relevant to your topic. 
• Revise : Revise your introduction after you’ve written the rest of your essay to ensure it aligns with your final argument. 

Unsure of how to start your essay introduction? Leverage Paperpal’s Generative AI templates to provide a base for your essay introduction. Here’s an example of an essay outline generated by Paperpal.  

Use Paperpal’s Preditive AI writing features to maintain your writing flow

This is one of the key steps in how to write an essay introduction. Crafting a compelling hook is vital because it sets the tone for your entire essay and determines whether your readers will stay interested. A good hook draws the reader in and sets the stage for the rest of your essay.  

• Avoid Dry Fact : Instead of simply stating a bland fact, try to make it engaging and relevant to your topic. For example, if you’re writing about the benefits of exercise, you could start with a startling statistic like, “Did you know that regular exercise can increase your lifespan by up to seven years?” 
• Avoid Using a Dictionary Definition : While definitions can be informative, they’re not always the most captivating way to start an essay. Instead, try to use a quote, anecdote, or provocative question to pique the reader’s interest. For instance, if you’re writing about freedom, you could begin with a quote from a famous freedom fighter or philosopher. 
• Do Not Just State a Fact That the Reader Already Knows : This ties back to the first point—your hook should surprise or intrigue the reader. For Here’s an introduction paragraph example, if you’re writing about climate change, you could start with a thought-provoking statement like, “Despite overwhelming evidence, many people still refuse to believe in the reality of climate change.” 

Including background information in the introduction section of your essay is important to provide context and establish the relevance of your topic. When writing the background information, you can follow these steps: 

• Start with a General Statement:  Begin with a general statement about the topic and gradually narrow it down to your specific focus. For example, when discussing the impact of social media, you can begin by making a broad statement about social media and its widespread use in today’s society, as follows: “Social media has become an integral part of modern life, with billions of users worldwide.” 
• Define Key Terms : Define any key terms or concepts that may be unfamiliar to your readers but are essential for understanding your argument. 
• Provide Relevant Statistics:  Use statistics or facts to highlight the significance of the issue you’re discussing. For instance, “According to a report by Statista, the number of social media users is expected to reach 4.41 billion by 2025.” 
• Discuss the Evolution:  Mention previous research or studies that have been conducted on the topic, especially those that are relevant to your argument. Mention key milestones or developments that have shaped its current impact. You can also outline some of the major effects of social media. For example, you can briefly describe how social media has evolved, including positives such as increased connectivity and issues like cyberbullying and privacy concerns. 
• Transition to Your Thesis:  Use the background information to lead into your thesis statement, which should clearly state the main argument or purpose of your essay. For example, “Given its pervasive influence, it is crucial to examine the impact of social media on mental health.” 

A thesis statement is a concise summary of the main point or claim of an essay, research paper, or other type of academic writing. It appears near the end of the introduction. Here’s how to write a thesis statement: 

• Identify the topic:  Start by identifying the topic of your essay. For example, if your essay is about the importance of exercise for overall health, your topic is “exercise.” 
• State your position:  Next, state your position or claim about the topic. This is the main argument or point you want to make. For example, if you believe that regular exercise is crucial for maintaining good health, your position could be: “Regular exercise is essential for maintaining good health.” 
• Support your position:  Provide a brief overview of the reasons or evidence that support your position. These will be the main points of your essay. For example, if you’re writing an essay about the importance of exercise, you could mention the physical health benefits, mental health benefits, and the role of exercise in disease prevention. 
• Make it specific:  Ensure your thesis statement clearly states what you will discuss in your essay. For example, instead of saying, “Exercise is good for you,” you could say, “Regular exercise, including cardiovascular and strength training, can improve overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.” 

Examples of essay introduction 

Here are examples of essay introductions for different types of essays: 

Argumentative Essay Introduction Example:  

Topic: Should the voting age be lowered to 16? 

“The question of whether the voting age should be lowered to 16 has sparked nationwide debate. While some argue that 16-year-olds lack the requisite maturity and knowledge to make informed decisions, others argue that doing so would imbue young people with agency and give them a voice in shaping their future.” 

Expository Essay Introduction Example  

Topic: The benefits of regular exercise 

“In today’s fast-paced world, the importance of regular exercise cannot be overstated. From improving physical health to boosting mental well-being, the benefits of exercise are numerous and far-reaching. This essay will examine the various advantages of regular exercise and provide tips on incorporating it into your daily routine.” 

Text: “To Kill a Mockingbird” by Harper Lee 

“Harper Lee’s novel, ‘To Kill a Mockingbird,’ is a timeless classic that explores themes of racism, injustice, and morality in the American South. Through the eyes of young Scout Finch, the reader is taken on a journey that challenges societal norms and forces characters to confront their prejudices. This essay will analyze the novel’s use of symbolism, character development, and narrative structure to uncover its deeper meaning and relevance to contemporary society.” 

• Engaging and Relevant First Sentence : The opening sentence captures the reader’s attention and relates directly to the topic. 
• Background Information : Enough background information is introduced to provide context for the thesis statement. 
• Definition of Important Terms : Key terms or concepts that might be unfamiliar to the audience or are central to the argument are defined. 
• Clear Thesis Statement : The thesis statement presents the main point or argument of the essay. 
• Relevance to Main Body : Everything in the introduction directly relates to and sets up the discussion in the main body of the essay. 

Writing a strong introduction is crucial for setting the tone and context of your essay. Here are the key takeaways for how to write essay introduction: 3  

• Hook the Reader : Start with an engaging hook to grab the reader’s attention. This could be a compelling question, a surprising fact, a relevant quote, or an anecdote. 
• Provide Background : Give a brief overview of the topic, setting the context and stage for the discussion. 
• Thesis Statement : State your thesis, which is the main argument or point of your essay. It should be concise, clear, and specific. 
• Preview the Structure : Outline the main points or arguments to help the reader understand the organization of your essay. 
• Keep it Concise : Avoid including unnecessary details or information not directly related to your thesis. 
• Revise and Edit : Revise your introduction to ensure clarity, coherence, and relevance. Check for grammar and spelling errors. 
• Seek Feedback : Get feedback from peers or instructors to improve your introduction further. 

The purpose of an essay introduction is to give an overview of the topic, context, and main ideas of the essay. It is meant to engage the reader, establish the tone for the rest of the essay, and introduce the thesis statement or central argument.  

An essay introduction typically ranges from 5-10% of the total word count. For example, in a 1,000-word essay, the introduction would be roughly 50-100 words. However, the length can vary depending on the complexity of the topic and the overall length of the essay.

An essay introduction is critical in engaging the reader and providing contextual information about the topic. To ensure its effectiveness, consider incorporating these key elements: a compelling hook, background information, a clear thesis statement, an outline of the essay’s scope, a smooth transition to the body, and optional signposting sentences.  

The process of writing an essay introduction is not necessarily straightforward, but there are several strategies that can be employed to achieve this end. When experiencing difficulty initiating the process, consider the following techniques: begin with an anecdote, a quotation, an image, a question, or a startling fact to pique the reader’s interest. It may also be helpful to consider the five W’s of journalism: who, what, when, where, why, and how.   For instance, an anecdotal opening could be structured as follows: “As I ascended the stage, momentarily blinded by the intense lights, I could sense the weight of a hundred eyes upon me, anticipating my next move. The topic of discussion was climate change, a subject I was passionate about, and it was my first public speaking event. Little did I know , that pivotal moment would not only alter my perspective but also chart my life’s course.” 

Crafting a compelling thesis statement for your introduction paragraph is crucial to grab your reader’s attention. To achieve this, avoid using overused phrases such as “In this paper, I will write about” or “I will focus on” as they lack originality. Instead, strive to engage your reader by substantiating your stance or proposition with a “so what” clause. While writing your thesis statement, aim to be precise, succinct, and clear in conveying your main argument.  

To create an effective essay introduction, ensure it is clear, engaging, relevant, and contains a concise thesis statement. It should transition smoothly into the essay and be long enough to cover necessary points but not become overwhelming. Seek feedback from peers or instructors to assess its effectiveness. 

References  

• Cui, L. (2022). Unit 6 Essay Introduction.  Building Academic Writing Skills . 
• West, H., Malcolm, G., Keywood, S., & Hill, J. (2019). Writing a successful essay.  Journal of Geography in Higher Education ,  43 (4), 609-617. 
• Beavers, M. E., Thoune, D. L., & McBeth, M. (2023). Bibliographic Essay: Reading, Researching, Teaching, and Writing with Hooks: A Queer Literacy Sponsorship. College English, 85(3), 230-242. 

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How to Write an Essay Introduction

Last Updated: January 15, 2024 Fact Checked

This article was co-authored by Jake Adams and by wikiHow staff writer, Jennifer Mueller, JD . Jake Adams is an academic tutor and the owner of Simplifi EDU, a Santa Monica, California based online tutoring business offering learning resources and online tutors for academic subjects K-College, SAT & ACT prep, and college admissions applications. With over 14 years of professional tutoring experience, Jake is dedicated to providing his clients the very best online tutoring experience and access to a network of excellent undergraduate and graduate-level tutors from top colleges all over the nation. Jake holds a BS in International Business and Marketing from Pepperdine University. There are 12 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 4,243,426 times.

The introduction of your essay serves two important purposes. First, it gets your reader interested in the topic and encourages them to read what you have to say about it. Second, it gives your reader a roadmap of what you're going to say and the overarching point you're going to make – your thesis statement. A powerful introduction grabs your reader's attention and keeps them reading.

Sample Essay Hooks & Introductions

Hooking Your Reader

• If you're writing a paper for a class, don't automatically assume your instructor is your audience. If you write directly to your instructor, you'll end up glossing over some information that is necessary to show that you properly understand the subject of your essay.
• It can be helpful to reverse-engineer your audience based on the subject matter of your essay. For example, if you're writing an essay about a women's health issue for a women's studies class, you might identify your audience as young women within the age range most affected by the issue.

• For this hook to be effective, your fact needs to be sufficiently surprising. If you're not sure, test it on a few friends. If they react by expressing shock or surprise, you know you've got something good.
• Use a fact or statistic that sets up your essay, not something you'll be using as evidence to prove your thesis statement. Facts or statistics that demonstrate why your topic is important (or should be important) to your audience typically make good hooks.

• For example, if you were writing an essay proposing a change to drunk driving laws, you might open with a story of how the life of a victim was changed forever after they were hit by a drunk driver.

• For example, if you're writing an essay about a public figure, you might include an anecdote about an odd personal habit that cleverly relates back to your thesis statement.
• Particularly with less formal papers or personal essays, humorous anecdotes can be particularly effective hooks.

• For example: "What would you do if you could play God for a day? That's exactly what the leaders of the tiny island nation of Guam tried to answer."
• If your essay prompt was a question, don't just repeat it in your paper. Make sure to come up with your own intriguing question.

• Broad, sweeping generalizations may ring false with some readers and alienate them from the start. For example, "everyone wants someone to love" would alienate someone who identified as aromantic or asexual.

Creating Your Context

• Use an appropriate transitional word or phrase, such as "however" or "similarly," to move from your specific anecdote back out to a broader scope.
• For example, if you related a story about one individual, but your essay isn't about them, you can relate the hook back to the larger topic with a sentence like "Tommy wasn't alone, however. There were more than 200,000 dockworkers affected by that union strike."

• For example, if your thesis relates to how blackface was used as a means of enforcing racial segregation, your introduction would describe what blackface performances were, and where and when they occurred.
• If you are writing an argumentative paper, make sure to explain both sides of the argument in a neutral or objective manner.

• Definitions would be particularly important if your essay is discussing a scientific topic, where some scientific terminology might not be understood by the average layperson.
• Definitions also come in handy in legal or political essays, where a term may have different meanings depending on the context in which they are used.

• If you're using 2 or 3 sentences to describe the context for your thesis, try to make each sentence a bit more specific than the one before it. Draw your reader in gradually.
• For example, if you're writing an essay about drunk driving fatalities, you might start with an anecdote about a particular victim. Then you could provide national statistics, then narrow it down further to statistics for a particular gender or age group.

Presenting Your Thesis

• For example, a thesis for an essay on blackface performance might be "Because of its humiliating and demoralizing effect on African American slaves, blackface was used less as a comedy routine and more as a way of enforcing racial segregation."
• Be assertive and confident in your writing. Avoid including fluff such as "In this essay, I will attempt to show...." Instead, dive right in and make your claim, bold and proud.
• Your outline should be specific, unique, and provable. Through your essay, you'll make points that will show that your thesis statement is true – or at least persuade your readers that it's most likely true.

• If you've created an outline for your essay, this sentence is essentially the main subjects of each paragraph of the body of your essay.
• For example, if you're writing an essay about the unification of Italy, you might list 3 obstacles to unification. In the body of your essay, you would discuss details about how each of those obstacles was addressed or overcome.
• Instead of just listing all of your supporting points, sum them up by stating "how" or "why" your thesis is true. For example, instead of saying, "Phones should be banned from classrooms because they distract students, promote cheating, and make too much noise," you might say "Phones should be banned from classrooms because they act as an obstacle to learning."

• To figure out if you need a transition sentence, read the introduction and the first paragraph out loud. If you find yourself pausing or stumbling between the paragraphs, work in a transition to make the move smoother.
• You can also have friends or family members read your easy. If they feel it's choppy or jumps from the introduction into the essay, see what you can do to smooth it out.

Bringing It All Together

• If you're writing your essay for a class assignment, ask your instructor for examples of well-written essays that you can look at. Take note of conventions that are commonly used by writers in that discipline.
• Make a brief outline of the essay based on the information presented in the introduction. Then look at that outline as you read the essay to see how the essay follows it to prove the writer's thesis statement.

• For shorter essays under 1,000 words, keep your introduction to 1 paragraph, between 100 and 200 words.
• Always follow your instructor's guidelines for length. These rules can vary at times based on genre or form of writing.

• As you write your essay, you may want to jot down things you want to include in your introduction. For example, you may realize that you're using a particular term that you need to define in your introduction.

• Delete any filler or unnecessary language. Given the shortness of the introduction, every sentence should be essential to your reader's understanding of your essay.

• The first sentence or two should be your hook, designed to grab your reader's attention and get them interested in reading your essay.
• The next couple of sentences create a bridge between your hook and the overall topic of the rest of your essay.
• End your introduction with your thesis statement and a list of the points you will make in your essay to support or prove your thesis statement.

Expert Q&A

• If you are answering or responding to an assigned question, make sure you've interpreted the question correctly. The quality of your writing is irrelevant if your essay doesn't answer the question. Thanks Helpful 7 Not Helpful 1
• Have friends or family members read your essay and provide you with feedback. If you're writing for a class, you might want to exchange essays with another classmate and give each other feedback on your work. Thanks Helpful 3 Not Helpful 1

Tips from our Readers

• Reread your intro after writing each section to make sure both the intro and section are relevant to each other and to the paper.
• A sharp, descriptive title is sometimes just as important as an intro!

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/audience/
• ↑ http://advice.writing.utoronto.ca/planning/intros-and-conclusions/
• ↑ https://www.grammarly.com/blog/how-to-write-an-introduction/
• ↑ https://www.esu.edu/writing-studio/guides/hook.cfm
• ↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/introductions/
• ↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/cliches/
• ↑ Jake Adams. Academic Tutor & Test Prep Specialist. Expert Interview. 20 May 2020.
• ↑ https://library.sacredheart.edu/c.php?g=29803&p=185917
• ↑ https://writingcenter.uagc.edu/introductions-conclusions
• ↑ https://lsa.umich.edu/sweetland/undergraduates/writing-guides/how-do-i-write-an-intro--conclusion----body-paragraph.html
• ↑ https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/transitions/
• ↑ https://advice.writing.utoronto.ca/planning/intros-and-conclusions/

About This Article

Start your introduction with a relevant story, fact, or quote that will engage readers. Then, add 2-3 sentences of background information to give your essay context, and include important dates, locations, or historical moments where applicable. Finally, include your thesis statement, which is a specific, arguable, and provable statement that answers a question about your essay topic. For example, your thesis might read: "In the modern age, online dating apps like Tinder provide a wider variety of romantic options than young people have ever had before." For more tips and examples on how to craft your thesis and put your introduction together, read on! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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How to Write an Essay Introduction (with Examples)

What is an Essay Introduction?

An essay introduction, sometimes just called an introduction, is the first paragraph of any academic work, such as an essay, research paper, or even a book report. It's the entry point to your writing—it greets the reader, offers a glimpse of what's to come, and establishes the overall tone. Reviewing a good sample introduction can be very helpful as you write your own. An introduction is more than a simple summary; it's a way to capture the reader's interest and encourage them to continue reading.

The Purpose of the Introduction

Why is the introduction so important? It fulfills several key functions. First, it introduces the topic and gives essential background. Imagine reading an essay about symbolism in The Great Gatsby without knowing anything about the book. The introduction provides that missing information and makes sure everyone starts with the same basic knowledge.

Second, the introduction sets the context for your argument. It explains why your topic matters and why the reader should find it interesting. This is how you connect your specific points to the broader subject. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, the introduction presents your thesis statement. This statement is your main argument, the central idea you will develop throughout your work. A clear and concise thesis statement is essential for a well-written essay.

Crafting an Effective Introduction

How do you write a compelling introduction? Think of it as a short narrative with a beginning, middle, and end. It begins with a hook—an interesting sentence or two meant to capture the reader's attention. This might be a surprising statistic, a thought-provoking question, or a relevant story.

Next, you provide the necessary background information, moving smoothly from the hook to your thesis statement. This is the "middle" of your introduction, where you establish the foundation of your argument. Lastly, you end with your clear and concise thesis statement. This is the "end" and acts as a guide for the rest of your essay. For example, an introduction about climate change might begin with a shocking statistic about rising temperatures, then briefly discuss the causes and effects of this phenomenon, and finally present a thesis statement about the urgent need for action.

A well-written introduction is like a handshake—it establishes the tone for the entire interaction. By using these guidelines and looking at sample introductions, you can write introductions that keep your reader engaged and set the stage for a successful piece of writing.

Key Components of an Introduction

Building upon our understanding of what an introduction is and its purpose, let's explore the crucial elements of a strong introduction. Think of these components as the building blocks of a compelling opening that draws readers in and sets the scene for your whole essay. Having a clear sample introduction to reference can be very helpful in this process.

The Hook: Grabbing the Reader's Attention

The first sentence of your introduction is vital. It's your hook—the part designed to seize the reader's attention and spark their curiosity. There are many effective hook strategies, and the best one will depend on your topic and audience. A surprising statistic can be highly effective, especially for research papers or essays requiring strong factual backing. For example, you could start an essay about online privacy with, "Over 60% of internet users have experienced some form of data breach." A thought-provoking question can pique the reader's interest and encourage a new perspective on the topic. A relevant story can forge a personal connection with the reader and make the topic more relatable. Consider what would make you want to read more if you encountered this subject for the first time.

Background Information: Setting the Stage

After the hook, you need to establish context. This is where you give the reader the background they need to understand the topic. If you are writing about a historical event, briefly summarize the key points. If you're analyzing literature, introduce the author and the work. This background information should connect the hook to your thesis, leading smoothly into your main argument. If you're writing about social media's impact on teenagers, after a strong hook, you might give some background about the growth of social media, user demographics, and how widespread it is in our lives. This background prepares the reader for your specific analysis.

The Thesis Statement: Your Roadmap

The final, and most important, component of an introduction is the thesis statement. This is your main point, the central idea you will be exploring in the essay. A strong thesis statement is clear, concise, and specific. It provides the structure for your paper, showing the reader what's to come. It's not just a fact; it's a debatable claim that you will be supporting with evidence and analysis. Returning to our social media example, a good thesis statement might be: "While social media provides teenagers with many benefits, such as increased connection and access to information, the negative impacts on mental health and social development cannot be ignored." This clearly states the writer's position and outlines the main points for discussion. By looking at a sample introduction, you can learn how to incorporate a thesis statement effectively.

Hook Writing Strategies

A compelling hook is essential for any introduction. It's your first impression, and it determines if the reader will continue. Think of it as the lure that draws your reader into your argument. A good sample introduction will demonstrate the impact of a strong hook. So, what are some effective strategies for writing hooks that capture attention and strengthen your introduction?

Start with a Bang: Surprising Statistics

A surprising statistic is a very effective hook. It immediately establishes your topic's relevance and makes the reader curious. For example, if you are writing about the impact of fast fashion, you could start with a statistic like, "The average American throws away approximately 81 pounds of clothing each year." This immediately illustrates the issue and motivates the reader to learn more. It anchors your essay in reality and adds impact to your argument. Finding strong statistics may require research, but the effort is worth it.

Question Your Way In: Thought-Provoking Questions

A thought-provoking question can also be a strong hook. It engages the reader directly, encouraging them to think about the intricacies of your topic. This works particularly well for essays exploring philosophical or ethical issues. For example, if you’re writing about the ethics of artificial intelligence, you could begin by asking, "What does it mean to be human in an age of intelligent machines?" This question opens up numerous possibilities and prompts readers to reflect on their own views.

Tell a Story: Anecdotes

Sometimes, the best way to engage a reader is through a story. A well-chosen anecdote can make your topic more human and relatable. This technique is useful for personal essays or those dealing with human experiences. Imagine you're writing about the importance of community. You could start with a short story about a time you saw a community rally to support someone in need. This creates an emotional connection and sets the scene for your broader point.

Paint a Picture: Vivid Descriptions

A vivid description can immerse the reader in the world of your essay. This approach is particularly effective for essays focusing on specific locations or experiences. If you are writing about the beauty of nature, you could start with a rich description of a breathtaking landscape. This draws the reader into the scene and sets a tone that is both sensory and engaging.

Find the Right Hook for Your Essay

The ideal hook for your introduction depends on your topic, audience, and writing style. Experiment with different techniques and see what works best for you and your reader. The goal is to create an opening that is both captivating and relevant, drawing the reader in and preparing them for a thought-provoking and insightful essay.

Thesis Statement Development

We’ve discussed hooks, background information, and the overall structure of an introduction. Now let’s look at the core of your intro: the thesis statement. This single sentence guides your entire essay, providing direction for both you and the reader. It’s a concise statement of your main argument, the central point you will be supporting with evidence. Mastering thesis statement development is crucial for writing effective introductions and strong essays.

Characteristics of a Strong Thesis Statement

A strong thesis statement is not simply a summary of your topic. It's a debatable claim that presents a specific perspective. Here’s what makes a thesis statement effective:

• Clarity: It should be easy to understand and free of technical language. The reader should immediately grasp your main point.
• Conciseness: Keep it brief and direct. A long, rambling thesis statement will confuse the reader and weaken your argument.
• Specificity: Avoid vague generalizations. Clearly define your argument’s scope and the specific points you will be discussing. A specific thesis statement helps you stay focused and prevents your essay from straying from the topic.
• Arguability: A strong thesis statement presents a viewpoint that can be discussed or challenged. It’s not simply a statement of fact but a claim that needs evidence and analysis to back it up.

From Topic to Thesis: A Practical Example

Let’s say your topic is the impact of social media on political discourse. A weak thesis statement would be: "Social media has changed politics." This is too general and doesn't offer a specific argument.

A stronger thesis statement would be: "While social media platforms have facilitated broader political participation, they have also contributed to the spread of misinformation and increased polarization, ultimately hindering productive political dialogue." This revised thesis is specific, arguable, and provides a roadmap for the essay. This is the kind of focused argument you find in a well-written sample introduction.

Refining Your Thesis Statement

Creating a strong thesis statement is an evolving process. Begin with a working thesis and then refine it as you research and write. Ask yourself:

• Does my thesis statement clearly present my main argument?
• Is it specific enough to guide my research and writing?
• Is it debatable, meaning it expresses a viewpoint that can be discussed?
• Is it concise and easy to understand?

By critically evaluating and revising your thesis statement, you can make sure it's a solid foundation for your essay. A well-crafted thesis statement is the cornerstone of a compelling introduction and a key element of any successful essay.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Having explored the essential elements of a strong introduction, let's discuss common mistakes to avoid. Even with a good sample introduction as a guide, it’s easy to fall into these traps. By being aware of these common errors, you can refine your writing and create truly compelling introductions.

A Thesis Statement That's Too Broad

One of the most common mistakes is writing a thesis statement that is too general. For example, if your essay is on the impact of technology on education, a thesis statement like "Technology has changed education" is far too broad. What kind of technology? What specific changes? A better thesis would narrow the focus, perhaps saying, "The introduction of personalized learning software in classrooms has increased student engagement and improved math scores." This revised thesis is much more specific and sets a clear direction for your essay.

The Missing Hook

Another common mistake is forgetting the hook. Your introduction needs a captivating beginning to draw the reader in. Starting with a dull statement of fact or a dictionary definition isn’t enough. Think about innovative ways to engage the reader. A surprising statistic, a thought-provoking question, or a relevant story can all be effective hooks. For example, instead of beginning a cybersecurity essay with a generic definition, you could open with a real-world example of a recent data breach and its consequences.

Too Much or Too Little Background

Context is important, but too much background can weigh down your introduction. Conversely, too little background can leave your reader confused. Find the right balance. Give the reader enough information to understand the context of your argument, but don't overwhelm them with unnecessary details. If your essay is about Shakespeare's Hamlet, you don't need to summarize the entire play in the introduction. Focus on the specific parts relevant to your thesis.

A Buried Thesis Statement

Your thesis statement should be placed at the end of your introduction. Don't hide it in the middle of a paragraph or save it until the conclusion. A clearly stated thesis creates a roadmap for your argument and helps the reader follow your logic. Reviewing a good sample introduction can show you how a thesis statement effectively anchors the introduction.

Lack of Proofreading

Finally, remember to proofread! Even small grammar and spelling mistakes can hurt your credibility. A polished introduction shows attentiveness to detail and strengthens your overall argument. Take the time to carefully review your introduction before submitting your essay.

Step-by-Step Writing Process

Now that we have reviewed the key elements and techniques for strong introductions, let’s outline a practical, step-by-step writing process. Coupled with a good sample introduction, this approach will help you create introductions that not only capture your reader’s attention but also provide a solid foundation for a successful essay.

1. Understand Your Assignment

Before you begin writing, fully understand the essay prompt. What are you being asked to argue or explore? What type of evidence is required? This initial understanding will shape your entire essay, including your introduction. A sample literary analysis introduction will be very different from a scientific research paper introduction.

2. Brainstorm and Research

Once you understand the assignment, brainstorm ideas and do some initial research. Gather information, examples, and evidence to support your potential arguments. This research will shape your thesis statement and the overall direction of your essay. Be open to exploring different perspectives and challenging your own ideas.

3. Craft a Working Thesis Statement

Based on your brainstorming and research, develop a working thesis statement. Remember, this is a preliminary version of your main argument, subject to revision as you write. A good thesis statement gives your essay a clear focus and guides your writing. Looking at a sample introduction can be helpful to see how a thesis statement shapes the entire introduction.

4. Choose a Hook Strategy

Choose a hook that matches your topic and audience. Are you writing a persuasive essay, an informative piece, or a personal reflection? The hook should be engaging and pertinent, drawing the reader into your topic. A surprising statistic might be suitable for a research paper, while a thought-provoking question could work well for a philosophical essay.

5. Provide Background Information

After the hook, provide context for your topic. This might involve historical context, definitions, or a brief overview of relevant research. This background information should connect your hook to your thesis statement, transitioning smoothly into your main argument.

6. State Your Thesis Clearly

The last sentence of your introduction should be your thesis statement. Make it clear, concise, and specific. It should directly address the essay prompt and act as a roadmap for the rest of the paper. This is the culmination of your introduction, setting the stage for the evidence and arguments that will follow.

7. Revise and Refine

After writing your introduction, take some time to review it carefully. Does the hook capture attention? Does the background information offer sufficient context? Is your thesis statement clear and debatable? Revise your introduction until it flows well and effectively sets up your essay. A polished introduction shows a strong understanding of the writing process and establishes the tone for a well-written essay.

8. Seek Feedback (Optional)

If possible, ask a peer or instructor to review your introduction and give you feedback. Another perspective can help you identify areas for improvement and make your introduction even better. A well-written introduction is like a well-designed doorway—it welcomes the reader and prepares them for a compelling and insightful experience. By following these steps and exploring various sample introductions, you can master writing introductions that capture your audience and create a solid foundation for successful essays.

Examples and Analysis

Now that you understand the key components and strategies for writing a solid introduction, let's analyze some sample introductions and examine what makes them work. Breaking down real-world examples is a great way to reinforce your understanding and learn how to apply these principles to your own writing.

Essay Intro Example 1: The Impact of Social Media on Teenagers

Hook: "A recent study revealed that teenagers spend an average of seven hours per day on social media, demonstrating the widespread influence of these platforms on their lives."

Background: "Social media has become embedded in our culture, connecting people across the globe and giving access to vast amounts of information. For teenagers especially, social media has a major role in their social development, influencing their self-image and how they view the world."

Thesis Statement: "While social media platforms offer teenagers numerous benefits, such as increased connectivity and access to information, the negative impacts on mental health, body image, and social skills cannot be ignored."

Analysis: This introduction starts with a striking statistic as its hook, immediately grabbing the reader's attention. The background offers relevant context, leading into the thesis statement. The thesis is clear, concise, and debatable, providing a balanced perspective on social media’s impact. It sets the tone and direction for the essay effectively.

Essay Intro Example 2: The Power of Music in Human Culture

Hook: "Imagine a world without music. A world without rhythm, melody, or the shared experience of sound."

Background: "Music has been a fundamental part of human culture for thousands of years, serving as a language that transcends cultures. From ancient rituals to modern-day concerts and streaming, music has shaped human societies and individual experiences."

Thesis Statement: "Music's power lies not just in its ability to entertain but also in its deep impact on our emotions, cognitive functions, and social connections, making it a crucial element of what it means to be human."

Analysis: This introduction uses a thought-provoking request as its hook, getting the reader to think about the meaning of music. The background provides a general overview of music's role in human history and culture. The thesis statement gives a multifaceted view of music’s power, highlighting its influence on multiple aspects of the human experience.

Essay Intro Example 3: The Ethical Dilemmas of Artificial Intelligence

Hook: "In the coming years, artificial intelligence may surpass human intelligence, raising serious ethical questions about the nature of consciousness, the future of work, and what it means to be human."

Background: "Artificial intelligence is rapidly changing our world, automating work, processing data, and making decisions with increasing independence. As AI technology continues to evolve, it raises many ethical dilemmas that require careful thought."

Thesis Statement: "The development and use of artificial intelligence must be guided by ethical principles that place importance on human well-being, social justice, and environmental sustainability, ensuring that these powerful technologies serve humanity, and not the other way around."

Analysis: This introduction uses a future-focused statement as a hook, raising the reader’s curiosity about the potential implications of AI. The background offers context about the fast-paced progress of AI technology. The thesis takes a clear ethical stand, stressing the importance of responsible AI development.

By studying these samples, you can see how different hook strategies, background information, and thesis statements combine to create effective introductions. Remember to adapt these techniques to your own writing style and subject matter, creating introductions that are both engaging and informative.

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• If you are writing in a new discipline, you should always make sure to ask about conventions and expectations for introductions, just as you would for any other aspect of the essay. For example, while it may be acceptable to write a two-paragraph (or longer) introduction for your papers in some courses, instructors in other disciplines, such as those in some Government courses, may expect a shorter introduction that includes a preview of the argument that will follow.  
• In some disciplines (Government, Economics, and others), it’s common to offer an overview in the introduction of what points you will make in your essay. In other disciplines, you will not be expected to provide this overview in your introduction.  
• Avoid writing a very general opening sentence. While it may be true that “Since the dawn of time, people have been telling love stories,” it won’t help you explain what’s interesting about your topic.  
• Avoid writing a “funnel” introduction in which you begin with a very broad statement about a topic and move to a narrow statement about that topic. Broad generalizations about a topic will not add to your readers’ understanding of your specific essay topic.  
• Avoid beginning with a dictionary definition of a term or concept you will be writing about. If the concept is complicated or unfamiliar to your readers, you will need to define it in detail later in your essay. If it’s not complicated, you can assume your readers already know the definition.  
• Avoid offering too much detail in your introduction that a reader could better understand later in the paper.
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