conclusion in a research report

How to Write a Conclusion for Research Papers (with Examples)

The conclusion of a research paper is a crucial section that plays a significant role in the overall impact and effectiveness of your research paper. However, this is also the section that typically receives less attention compared to the introduction and the body of the paper. The conclusion serves to provide a concise summary of the key findings, their significance, their implications, and a sense of closure to the study. Discussing how can the findings be applied in real-world scenarios or inform policy, practice, or decision-making is especially valuable to practitioners and policymakers. The research paper conclusion also provides researchers with clear insights and valuable information for their own work, which they can then build on and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field.

The research paper conclusion should explain the significance of your findings within the broader context of your field. It restates how your results contribute to the existing body of knowledge and whether they confirm or challenge existing theories or hypotheses. Also, by identifying unanswered questions or areas requiring further investigation, your awareness of the broader research landscape can be demonstrated.

Remember to tailor the research paper conclusion to the specific needs and interests of your intended audience, which may include researchers, practitioners, policymakers, or a combination of these.

Table of Contents

What is a conclusion in a research paper, summarizing conclusion, editorial conclusion, externalizing conclusion, importance of a good research paper conclusion, how to write a conclusion for your research paper, research paper conclusion examples.

• How to write a research paper conclusion with Paperpal? 

Frequently Asked Questions

A conclusion in a research paper is the final section where you summarize and wrap up your research, presenting the key findings and insights derived from your study. The research paper conclusion is not the place to introduce new information or data that was not discussed in the main body of the paper. When working on how to conclude a research paper, remember to stick to summarizing and interpreting existing content. The research paper conclusion serves the following purposes: 1

• Warn readers of the possible consequences of not attending to the problem.
• Recommend specific course(s) of action.
• Restate key ideas to drive home the ultimate point of your research paper.
• Provide a “take-home” message that you want the readers to remember about your study.

Types of conclusions for research papers

In research papers, the conclusion provides closure to the reader. The type of research paper conclusion you choose depends on the nature of your study, your goals, and your target audience. I provide you with three common types of conclusions:

A summarizing conclusion is the most common type of conclusion in research papers. It involves summarizing the main points, reiterating the research question, and restating the significance of the findings. This common type of research paper conclusion is used across different disciplines.

An editorial conclusion is less common but can be used in research papers that are focused on proposing or advocating for a particular viewpoint or policy. It involves presenting a strong editorial or opinion based on the research findings and offering recommendations or calls to action.

An externalizing conclusion is a type of conclusion that extends the research beyond the scope of the paper by suggesting potential future research directions or discussing the broader implications of the findings. This type of conclusion is often used in more theoretical or exploratory research papers.

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The conclusion in a research paper serves several important purposes:

• Offers Implications and Recommendations : Your research paper conclusion is an excellent place to discuss the broader implications of your research and suggest potential areas for further study. It’s also an opportunity to offer practical recommendations based on your findings.
• Provides Closure : A good research paper conclusion provides a sense of closure to your paper. It should leave the reader with a feeling that they have reached the end of a well-structured and thought-provoking research project.
• Leaves a Lasting Impression : Writing a well-crafted research paper conclusion leaves a lasting impression on your readers. It’s your final opportunity to leave them with a new idea, a call to action, or a memorable quote.

Writing a strong conclusion for your research paper is essential to leave a lasting impression on your readers. Here’s a step-by-step process to help you create and know what to put in the conclusion of a research paper: 2

• Research Statement : Begin your research paper conclusion by restating your research statement. This reminds the reader of the main point you’ve been trying to prove throughout your paper. Keep it concise and clear.
• Key Points : Summarize the main arguments and key points you’ve made in your paper. Avoid introducing new information in the research paper conclusion. Instead, provide a concise overview of what you’ve discussed in the body of your paper.
• Address the Research Questions : If your research paper is based on specific research questions or hypotheses, briefly address whether you’ve answered them or achieved your research goals. Discuss the significance of your findings in this context.
• Significance : Highlight the importance of your research and its relevance in the broader context. Explain why your findings matter and how they contribute to the existing knowledge in your field.
• Implications : Explore the practical or theoretical implications of your research. How might your findings impact future research, policy, or real-world applications? Consider the “so what?” question.
• Future Research : Offer suggestions for future research in your area. What questions or aspects remain unanswered or warrant further investigation? This shows that your work opens the door for future exploration.
• Closing Thought : Conclude your research paper conclusion with a thought-provoking or memorable statement. This can leave a lasting impression on your readers and wrap up your paper effectively. Avoid introducing new information or arguments here.
• Proofread and Revise : Carefully proofread your conclusion for grammar, spelling, and clarity. Ensure that your ideas flow smoothly and that your conclusion is coherent and well-structured.

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Remember that a well-crafted research paper conclusion is a reflection of the strength of your research and your ability to communicate its significance effectively. It should leave a lasting impression on your readers and tie together all the threads of your paper. Now you know how to start the conclusion of a research paper and what elements to include to make it impactful, let’s look at a research paper conclusion sample.

How to write a research paper conclusion with Paperpal?

A research paper conclusion is not just a summary of your study, but a synthesis of the key findings that ties the research together and places it in a broader context. A research paper conclusion should be concise, typically around one paragraph in length. However, some complex topics may require a longer conclusion to ensure the reader is left with a clear understanding of the study’s significance. Paperpal, an AI writing assistant trusted by over 800,000 academics globally, can help you write a well-structured conclusion for your research paper. 

• Sign Up or Log In: Create a new Paperpal account or login with your details.  
• Navigate to Features : Once logged in, head over to the features’ side navigation pane. Click on Templates and you’ll find a suite of generative AI features to help you write better, faster.  
• Generate an outline: Under Templates, select ‘Outlines’. Choose ‘Research article’ as your document type.  
• Select your section: Since you’re focusing on the conclusion, select this section when prompted.  
• Choose your field of study: Identifying your field of study allows Paperpal to provide more targeted suggestions, ensuring the relevance of your conclusion to your specific area of research. 
• Provide a brief description of your study: Enter details about your research topic and findings. This information helps Paperpal generate a tailored outline that aligns with your paper’s content. 
• Generate the conclusion outline: After entering all necessary details, click on ‘generate’. Paperpal will then create a structured outline for your conclusion, to help you start writing and build upon the outline.  
• Write your conclusion: Use the generated outline to build your conclusion. The outline serves as a guide, ensuring you cover all critical aspects of a strong conclusion, from summarizing key findings to highlighting the research’s implications. 
• Refine and enhance: Paperpal’s ‘Make Academic’ feature can be particularly useful in the final stages. Select any paragraph of your conclusion and use this feature to elevate the academic tone, ensuring your writing is aligned to the academic journal standards. 

By following these steps, Paperpal not only simplifies the process of writing a research paper conclusion but also ensures it is impactful, concise, and aligned with academic standards. Sign up with Paperpal today and write your research paper conclusion 2x faster .  

The research paper conclusion is a crucial part of your paper as it provides the final opportunity to leave a strong impression on your readers. In the research paper conclusion, summarize the main points of your research paper by restating your research statement, highlighting the most important findings, addressing the research questions or objectives, explaining the broader context of the study, discussing the significance of your findings, providing recommendations if applicable, and emphasizing the takeaway message. The main purpose of the conclusion is to remind the reader of the main point or argument of your paper and to provide a clear and concise summary of the key findings and their implications. All these elements should feature on your list of what to put in the conclusion of a research paper to create a strong final statement for your work.

A strong conclusion is a critical component of a research paper, as it provides an opportunity to wrap up your arguments, reiterate your main points, and leave a lasting impression on your readers. Here are the key elements of a strong research paper conclusion: 1. Conciseness : A research paper conclusion should be concise and to the point. It should not introduce new information or ideas that were not discussed in the body of the paper. 2. Summarization : The research paper conclusion should be comprehensive enough to give the reader a clear understanding of the research’s main contributions. 3 . Relevance : Ensure that the information included in the research paper conclusion is directly relevant to the research paper’s main topic and objectives; avoid unnecessary details. 4 . Connection to the Introduction : A well-structured research paper conclusion often revisits the key points made in the introduction and shows how the research has addressed the initial questions or objectives. 5. Emphasis : Highlight the significance and implications of your research. Why is your study important? What are the broader implications or applications of your findings? 6 . Call to Action : Include a call to action or a recommendation for future research or action based on your findings.

The length of a research paper conclusion can vary depending on several factors, including the overall length of the paper, the complexity of the research, and the specific journal requirements. While there is no strict rule for the length of a conclusion, but it’s generally advisable to keep it relatively short. A typical research paper conclusion might be around 5-10% of the paper’s total length. For example, if your paper is 10 pages long, the conclusion might be roughly half a page to one page in length.

In general, you do not need to include citations in the research paper conclusion. Citations are typically reserved for the body of the paper to support your arguments and provide evidence for your claims. However, there may be some exceptions to this rule: 1. If you are drawing a direct quote or paraphrasing a specific source in your research paper conclusion, you should include a citation to give proper credit to the original author. 2. If your conclusion refers to or discusses specific research, data, or sources that are crucial to the overall argument, citations can be included to reinforce your conclusion’s validity.

The conclusion of a research paper serves several important purposes: 1. Summarize the Key Points 2. Reinforce the Main Argument 3. Provide Closure 4. Offer Insights or Implications 5. Engage the Reader. 6. Reflect on Limitations

Remember that the primary purpose of the research paper conclusion is to leave a lasting impression on the reader, reinforcing the key points and providing closure to your research. It’s often the last part of the paper that the reader will see, so it should be strong and well-crafted.

• Makar, G., Foltz, C., Lendner, M., & Vaccaro, A. R. (2018). How to write effective discussion and conclusion sections. Clinical spine surgery, 31(8), 345-346.
• Bunton, D. (2005). The structure of PhD conclusion chapters.  Journal of English for academic purposes ,  4 (3), 207-224.

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In a short paper—even a research paper—you don’t need to provide an exhaustive summary as part of your conclusion. But you do need to make some kind of transition between your final body paragraph and your concluding paragraph. This may come in the form of a few sentences of summary. Or it may come in the form of a sentence that brings your readers back to your thesis or main idea and reminds your readers where you began and how far you have traveled.

So, for example, in a paper about the relationship between ADHD and rejection sensitivity, Vanessa Roser begins by introducing readers to the fact that researchers have studied the relationship between the two conditions and then provides her explanation of that relationship. Here’s her thesis: “While socialization may indeed be an important factor in RS, I argue that individuals with ADHD may also possess a neurological predisposition to RS that is exacerbated by the differing executive and emotional regulation characteristic of ADHD.”

In her final paragraph, Roser reminds us of where she started by echoing her thesis: “This literature demonstrates that, as with many other conditions, ADHD and RS share a delicately intertwined pattern of neurological similarities that is rooted in the innate biology of an individual’s mind, a connection that cannot be explained in full by the behavioral mediation hypothesis.”  

Highlight the “so what”  

At the beginning of your paper, you explain to your readers what’s at stake—why they should care about the argument you’re making. In your conclusion, you can bring readers back to those stakes by reminding them why your argument is important in the first place. You can also draft a few sentences that put those stakes into a new or broader context.

In the conclusion to her paper about ADHD and RS, Roser echoes the stakes she established in her introduction—that research into connections between ADHD and RS has led to contradictory results, raising questions about the “behavioral mediation hypothesis.”

She writes, “as with many other conditions, ADHD and RS share a delicately intertwined pattern of neurological similarities that is rooted in the innate biology of an individual’s mind, a connection that cannot be explained in full by the behavioral mediation hypothesis.”  

Leave your readers with the “now what”  

After the “what” and the “so what,” you should leave your reader with some final thoughts. If you have written a strong introduction, your readers will know why you have been arguing what you have been arguing—and why they should care. And if you’ve made a good case for your thesis, then your readers should be in a position to see things in a new way, understand new questions, or be ready for something that they weren’t ready for before they read your paper.

In her conclusion, Roser offers two “now what” statements. First, she explains that it is important to recognize that the flawed behavioral mediation hypothesis “seems to place a degree of fault on the individual. It implies that individuals with ADHD must have elicited such frequent or intense rejection by virtue of their inadequate social skills, erasing the possibility that they may simply possess a natural sensitivity to emotion.” She then highlights the broader implications for treatment of people with ADHD, noting that recognizing the actual connection between rejection sensitivity and ADHD “has profound implications for understanding how individuals with ADHD might best be treated in educational settings, by counselors, family, peers, or even society as a whole.”

To find your own “now what” for your essay’s conclusion, try asking yourself these questions:

• What can my readers now understand, see in a new light, or grapple with that they would not have understood in the same way before reading my paper? Are we a step closer to understanding a larger phenomenon or to understanding why what was at stake is so important?  
• What questions can I now raise that would not have made sense at the beginning of my paper? Questions for further research? Other ways that this topic could be approached?  
• Are there other applications for my research? Could my questions be asked about different data in a different context? Could I use my methods to answer a different question?  
• What action should be taken in light of this argument? What action do I predict will be taken or could lead to a solution?  
• What larger context might my argument be a part of?  

What to avoid in your conclusion  

• a complete restatement of all that you have said in your paper.  
• a substantial counterargument that you do not have space to refute; you should introduce counterarguments before your conclusion.  
• an apology for what you have not said. If you need to explain the scope of your paper, you should do this sooner—but don’t apologize for what you have not discussed in your paper.  
• fake transitions like “in conclusion” that are followed by sentences that aren’t actually conclusions. (“In conclusion, I have now demonstrated that my thesis is correct.”)
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Home » Research Paper Conclusion – Writing Guide and Examples

Research Paper Conclusion – Writing Guide and Examples

Table of Contents

Research Paper Conclusion

The conclusion of a research paper is the final section that ties together the findings, restates the main arguments, and provides closure for readers. A well-crafted conclusion not only summarizes the paper’s insights but also highlights its broader implications and suggests future research directions. This guide explores the steps involved in writing an effective conclusion, offering tips and examples to help you end your research paper on a strong note.

Purpose of a Research Paper Conclusion

The conclusion serves several important purposes:

• Summarize Key Findings : Recap the main findings of the research in a concise way.
• Reinforce the Thesis : Remind readers of the main argument or research question.
• Highlight Implications : Discuss the broader significance of the findings.
• Suggest Future Research : Identify areas for further study or unresolved questions.

Structure of a Research Paper Conclusion

• Restate the Thesis : Briefly restate the research question or thesis statement, using different wording.
• Summarize Main Points : Highlight the key findings or arguments without going into detailed explanations.
• Discuss Implications : Explain what the findings mean in a larger context, considering their impact on the field or related areas.
• Recommend Future Research : Suggest potential directions for future studies based on any remaining questions or limitations in your work.

Steps to Write a Strong Research Paper Conclusion

Step 1: restate the thesis.

Begin the conclusion by rephrasing the research question or thesis statement. This reminds readers of the core argument and connects it to the findings.

Example : Original Thesis: “This study examined the effects of social media on adolescent mental health, focusing on its impact on self-esteem and anxiety levels.” Restated Thesis: “This research has highlighted the significant role that social media plays in shaping adolescent self-esteem and contributing to anxiety.”

Step 2: Summarize Key Findings

Next, summarize the most important findings or arguments from the paper. Keep this summary brief, as the main body has already provided details.

Example : “Analysis of the data revealed a clear correlation between high social media usage and low self-esteem among adolescents. Additionally, increased time spent online was associated with higher levels of anxiety, particularly among female participants.”

Step 3: Discuss the Broader Implications

In this section, explore the significance of the findings. Discuss how they contribute to the existing knowledge or impact the field. If applicable, address any potential practical or policy implications.

Example : “These findings underscore the need for educators, parents, and policymakers to develop strategies for supporting mental health among young people in a digital age. They suggest that moderating social media use may be beneficial for adolescent well-being.”

Step 4: Suggest Future Research Directions

Identify any gaps in the research or limitations that could be addressed in future studies. This section demonstrates the study’s contribution to ongoing research.

Example : “Future research should explore the long-term effects of social media use on mental health and examine potential moderating factors, such as family support and self-regulation strategies. A larger, more diverse sample would also enhance the generalizability of these findings.”

Examples of Research Paper Conclusions

Example 1: environmental science research paper conclusion.

Thesis Restatement : “This study has demonstrated the significant impact of deforestation on biodiversity loss in the Amazon rainforest.”

Summary of Findings : “The data shows that deforestation contributes directly to habitat loss, reducing species diversity and increasing the risk of extinction.”

Broader Implications : “These results emphasize the urgent need for stronger environmental protection policies to prevent further degradation of one of the world’s most vital ecosystems.”

Future Research Suggestions : “Future research should investigate the effects of deforestation on ecosystem services, such as water purification and carbon storage, which play a critical role in climate regulation.”

Example 2: Business Research Paper Conclusion

Thesis Restatement : “This research has explored how organizational culture influences employee satisfaction and retention.”

Summary of Findings : “The study found that companies with a supportive and inclusive culture reported higher employee satisfaction and lower turnover rates.”

Broader Implications : “These findings suggest that fostering a positive work environment not only benefits employees but also contributes to organizational success.”

Future Research Suggestions : “Future studies could examine how different types of leadership styles impact organizational culture and employee satisfaction across various industries.”

Example 3: Psychology Research Paper Conclusion

Thesis Restatement : “This research investigated the relationship between mindfulness practices and stress reduction among college students.”

Summary of Findings : “Participants who practiced mindfulness exercises reported lower levels of stress and improved mental clarity compared to the control group.”

Broader Implications : “These results highlight the potential of mindfulness programs as a simple, effective tool for stress management, especially in academic settings.”

Future Research Suggestions : “Further studies should explore how the duration and frequency of mindfulness practices influence their effectiveness and examine their long-term impact on mental health.”

Tips for Writing an Effective Conclusion

• Be Concise : Avoid re-explaining details from the body of the paper. Focus on the main takeaways and keep the conclusion brief.
• Stay Objective : Avoid introducing new arguments or data. Stick to summarizing and interpreting existing information.
• Use Strong Language : Convey confidence in your findings and their significance, while remaining balanced and objective.
• Avoid Redundancy : Do not repeat phrases or sentences verbatim from earlier sections. Rephrase to keep the conclusion fresh and engaging.
• End on a Positive Note : Aim to leave readers with a clear sense of the study’s contribution to the field and any actions that may result from the findings.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Introducing New Information : The conclusion is not the place to introduce new ideas or findings.
• Repeating the Introduction : Avoid copying the introduction’s content. Instead, synthesize the paper’s main points and implications.
• Being Overly General : Focus on specific conclusions rather than vague statements. Make sure your conclusions are directly related to your research.
• Ignoring Limitations : Address any limitations honestly, as they provide context for interpreting the results and contribute to transparency.

Writing a strong research paper conclusion involves restating the thesis, summarizing key findings, discussing implications, and suggesting future research directions. A well-written conclusion leaves a lasting impression, reinforcing the importance of the research and opening doors for further inquiry. By following these steps and avoiding common mistakes, you can ensure that your conclusion effectively wraps up your study and communicates its significance.

• Booth, W. C., Colomb, G. G., & Williams, J. M. (2016). The Craft of Research . University of Chicago Press.
• Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches . Sage Publications.
• Graff, G., & Birkenstein, C. (2017). They Say, I Say: The Moves That Matter in Academic Writing . W.W. Norton & Company.
• Swales, J. M., & Feak, C. B. (2012). Academic Writing for Graduate Students: Essential Tasks and Skills . University of Michigan Press.
• Turabian, K. L. (2013). A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations . University of Chicago Press.

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Researcher, Academic Writer, Web developer

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How to Write a Research Paper Conclusion

Wrapping up a paper may seem simple enough, but if you don’t know how to write a research paper conclusion, it can sometimes be the hardest part of the paper-writing process.

In this guide, we share expert advice on how to write a research paper conclusion. We explain what to put (and what not to put) in a research paper conclusion, describe the different types of conclusions, and show you a few different research paper conclusion examples.

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What is a research paper conclusion?

A research paper conclusion should summarize the main points of the paper, help readers contextualize the information, and as the last thing people read, be memorable and leave an impression. The research paper conclusion is the best chance for the author to both reiterate their main points and tie all the information together. All in all, it’s one of the most important parts of writing a research paper .

Research paper conclusions are generally one paragraph long , although more complicated topics may have longer conclusions. Although conclusions don’t normally present new information or data that wasn’t mentioned in the article, they often reframe the issues or offer a new perspective on the topic.

6 elements to include in a research paper conclusion

1 urgency or consequences.

A good conclusion answers the question, Why should the reader care? To connect the information to the reader, point out why your topic should matter to them. What happens if the problem persists, or how can the problem be solved? Feel free to mention common obstacles that feed the problem, implications of the data, or a recommended action for fixing it.

2 Reminder of thesis statement

Research paper conclusions are a great place to revisit your initial thesis statement , a sentence that encapsulates the main topic or problem your paper addresses. Thesis statements are discussed heavily at the beginning of a paper, but they can be even stronger when you reintroduce them at the end, after you’ve presented all your evidence.

3 Recap of main points

Although you don’t want to repeat yourself just for the sake of repetition, a recap of your main points can be helpful to your reader. Think of these as your paper’s “key takeaways,” the parts you want readers to remember. Save the details for the body text and use the conclusion to remind the reader of your strongest supporting evidence before they put your paper down.

4 Parallels to the introduction

The introduction and the conclusion are two sides of the same coin. A useful strategy to consider as you approach writing a research paper conclusion is to follow the same structure or address the same themes as you do in the introduction. For example, if you pose a question in your introduction, you can answer it directly in your conclusion. Keep this in mind when writing your research paper outline so you can properly plan both parts.

5 Limitations of the study

Although this isn’t applicable to every research paper, if you’re writing about actual tests or studies you’ve conducted, there are some ethical requirements for what you put in a research paper conclusion. Specifically, you’re expected to address the limitations of your study; these may include criticisms or flaws in your process that might have affected the results, such as using suboptimal participation groups. It’s best to call these out yourself rather than having a colleague call them out later.

6 Conciseness

Above all, every research paper conclusion should be written with conciseness . In general, conclusions should be short, so keep an eye on your word count as you write and aim to be as succinct as possible. You can expound on your topic in the body of your paper, but the conclusion is more for summarizing and recapping.

5 elements not to include in a research paper conclusion

1 dry summary.

Summarizing may be a crucial part of research paper conclusions, but it’s not the only part. Your conclusion should be more than just a summary; it should shape the way your reader thinks about your topic. Don’t just repeat the facts: Contextualize them for the reader, offer a new perspective, or suggest a step for solving the problem.

2 Generic or clichéd phrasing

Just like our advice for how to write a conclusion for a more general essay, you should also avoid generic or clichéd phrasing in research paper conclusions. Some words or phrases are overused in conclusions to the point of becoming trite. If you want your conclusion to seem fresh and well-written, avoid these phrases:

• in conclusion
• in summary or in summation

3 New data or evidence

Conclusions are not the place to introduce new evidence or data, especially if they are significant enough to reframe your entire argument. Hard facts and supporting evidence belong in the body of the paper; when the reader is absorbing this section, they’re still actively learning about the topic. By the conclusion, the reader is almost done forming their opinion. The conclusion is more about retrospection; introducing unexpected information there can frustrate readers just as much as it surprises them.

4 Ignoring negative results

It might be tempting to sugarcoat negative results or ignore them completely, but that will only harm your paper in the end. It’s always best to own up to any shortcomings in your research and admit them overtly. Your transparency not only helps validate your other research, but it also prevents critics from pointing out these same shortcomings in a more damaging way.

5 Ambiguous resolutions

Part of the appeal of research paper conclusions is the closure they bring; they’re supposed to wrap up arguments and clean up any loose ends. If your conclusion is ambiguous, it can give the impression that your research was incomplete, inadequate, or fundamentally flawed. Rather, write your conclusion with direct language and take a firm stance. Even if the data was inconclusive, state definitively that it was inconclusive. This kind of clarity in writing makes you sound both confident and competent.

Types of research paper conclusions with examples

Although there are no formal types of research paper conclusions, in general they tend to fall into the categories of summary , commentary , and new perspective . Bear in mind that these aren’t mutually exclusive—the same research paper conclusion can summarize and present a new perspective at the same time. Consider mixing and matching parts from each to create the unique blend your own paper needs.

Research paper conclusion example: Summary

The most common type of research paper conclusion is the straight summary, which succinctly repeats the key points of the paper. Keep in mind that a conclusion should do more than merely summarize, so be sure to add some lines that offer extra value or insight.

Like all great scientists, Isaac Newton was able to condense his ideas, however complicated, into the simple and brief laws discussed above. Newton’s law of inertia, his law of action/reaction, and his equation of F=ma —along with his law of gravity, also discussed above—combine to form the very foundation of classical mechanics. Without his laws, physics as we know it wouldn’t exist.

Research paper conclusion example: Commentary

The conclusion can be an opportunity for a writer to share their own personal views. This is especially useful in scientific writing, where the body of the paper is reserved for data and facts, and the conclusion is the only section for personal opinion. Just be careful about getting too subjective—this is still a research paper, not a personal essay .

As you can see by the cause-and-effect relationships pointed out above, an attack on journalism in one part of the world is an attack on journalism everywhere. Though the issue might seem distant, it’s actually right on our doorstep. All of us need to start standing up to the powers that censor the truth and defend the brave journalists who risk their lives to deliver it.

Research paper conclusion example: New perspective

Research paper conclusions are the perfect place to offer a new perspective on your topic. After presenting all your evidence and research, you can now draw connections and synthesize the data to create a unifying theory or new angle. The conclusion is the best place to include this, as the reader is already familiar with all the essential details.

You’ll notice that the studies we examined all come to the same conclusion: Remote working increases both production and employee satisfaction. Ultimately, the idea that remote work hinders productivity is a lie. In fact, the research suggests clearly that remote work should be increased, not done away with. If remote work becomes the norm instead of the exception, businesses could actually achieve new heights.

Research paper conclusion FAQs

What is the purpose of a research paper conclusion.

The purpose of a research paper conclusion is to summarize the main points of the paper, help the reader contextualize the information, and leave a lasting impression on the reader.

What should you include in a research paper conclusion?

A research paper conclusion should include a summary of the key points in your paper. Additionally, the conclusion can reframe the research in a way that’s easier for the reader to understand, often by adding urgency or explaining consequences. The conclusion is also used to mention the limitations of your research, such as an inadequate number of participants.

What are the different kinds of research paper conclusions?

Although there are no formal categories of research paper conclusion, in general research paper conclusions tend to fall into the categories of summary, commentary, and new perspective. Bear in mind that these aren’t mutually exclusive—the same research paper conclusion can both summarize the paper and present a new perspective.

How to write a research conclusion and recommendations?

28 June 2024

Magda Wojcik

Conclusion and recommendations are the final part of the research paper, which synthesises the research, highlights its significance and provides a roadmap for future studies and practical applications. A well-crafted conclusion not only summarises the key points of the research but also emphasises its broader implications and suggests potential areas for further exploration. Similarly, research recommendations offer specific, actionable insights that can guide future research, inform policy decisions and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field.

This blog post provides a comprehensive overview of how to effectively write conclusions and recommendations, detailing their purposes, components and examples across various disciplines. Additionally, it offers resources and tools to assist researchers in crafting clear, impactful final sections of their papers, ensuring they are well-prepared for publication.

What is a research conclusion?

What are research recommendations, example 1: conclusion and recommendations in business, example 2: conclusion and recommendations in literary history, example 3: conclusion and recommendations in environmental science, resources for writing research conclusions and recommendations, how to prepare research papers for publication.

A research conclusion is the final section of a research paper where the author wraps up the study and presents the key findings. It synthesises the main points discussed in the paper, highlights the significance of the research and suggests potential implications or applications. The conclusion leaves a lasting impression on the reader. It often includes recommendations for future research or practical applications of the study’s findings.

Purpose of a research conclusion

• Summarisation : To provide a concise summary of the main findings and arguments presented in the paper.
• Synthesis : To synthesise the information, showing how it contributes to the overall understanding of the topic.
• Implications : To highlight the significance of the research findings and their broader implications.
• Future research : To suggest areas for further investigation or unanswered questions.
• Closure : To provide a sense of closure to the reader, ensuring the research paper feels complete and comprehensive.

Components of a research conclusion

• Restatement of the thesis : Begin by restating the thesis or main research question, reflecting the insights gained from the study.
• Summary of main points : Summarise the key findings and arguments made in the paper. This should be concise and focused, highlighting the most critical aspects.
• Implications of the findings : Discuss the broader implications of the research findings. This might include their significance for the field, practical applications, policy implications or theoretical advancements.
• Limitations of the study : Acknowledge any limitations encountered during the research. This demonstrates a critical and reflective approach to the research process.
• Recommendations for future research : Suggest areas where further research is needed. This could involve new questions that arose from the study or unexplored aspects of the topic.
• Final thoughts : End with a strong closing statement. This could be a thought-provoking quote, a call to action or a reflection on the importance of the topic.

Research recommendations are a section of a research paper where the author suggests specific actions, areas for further study or changes in practice based on the findings of the research. These recommendations are intended to guide future research, inform policymakers, practitioners or other stakeholders and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field.

Purpose of research recommendations

• Guidance for future research : To provide a roadmap for future studies that can build on the current research or explore new aspects of the topic.
• Practical applications : To suggest practical changes or actions that can be implemented based on the research findings.
• Policy implications : To inform policy decisions or suggest policy changes.
• Contribution to knowledge : To highlight potential areas where further investigation can contribute to the broader understanding of the subject matter.

Components of research recommendations

• Specificity : Clearly state specific actions or studies that should be undertaken.
• Justification : Provide a rationale for why these recommendations are important and how they are supported by the research findings.
• Feasibility : Discuss the feasibility of the recommendations, considering available resources, time and potential challenges.
• Impact : Highlight the potential impact of implementing these recommendations on the field, practice or policy.
• Prioritisation : If multiple recommendations are provided, prioritise them based on their importance or urgency.

In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on consumer loyalty in the retail sector. The data collected from a sample of 500 consumers across various demographics indicates a significant positive correlation between CSR initiatives and consumer loyalty. Specifically, companies that actively engage in environmental sustainability and community support programs tend to enjoy higher customer retention rates and increased brand loyalty (Smith, 2021; Johnson & Lee, 2020). These findings are consistent with previous research suggesting that modern consumers are increasingly valuing ethical business practices (Brown et al., 2019).

Recommendation

Based on these findings, it is recommended that retail companies enhance their CSR strategies to foster greater consumer loyalty. Specifically, businesses should invest in sustainable practices, such as reducing carbon footprints and supporting local communities, as these actions have been shown to positively influence consumer perceptions and loyalty (Green & White, 2022). Furthermore, future research should explore the long-term impacts of CSR on brand loyalty across different retail sectors, considering the potential differences in consumer behaviour and expectations. Implementing these recommendations could lead to a more sustainable and loyal customer base, ultimately driving long-term business success.

In conclusion, this analysis of Gothic literature in the nineteenth century reveals a profound connection between socio-political anxieties and the thematic elements of Gothic fiction. By examining key works such as Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein (1818) and Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1897), the study demonstrates how these novels reflect contemporary fears related to scientific advancements, immigration, and the destabilisation of traditional social structures (Jones, 2021; Parker, 2019). The recurrence of monstrous figures and dark settings in these texts underscores the period’s cultural anxieties and the writers’ responses to the changing societal landscape (Wilson, 2020).

To further understand the complex relationship between Gothic literature and socio-political contexts, it is recommended that future research should focus on lesser-known Gothic works and their portrayal of contemporary issues. Additionally, interdisciplinary studies that incorporate historical, sociological, and literary analysis could provide deeper insights into how Gothic fiction both shaped and was shaped by the anxieties of its time (Miller & Thompson, 2022). By expanding the scope of research to include a wider range of texts and perspectives, scholars can gain a more nuanced understanding of the Gothic genre’s role in reflecting and influencing nineteenth-century society.

In conclusion, this study provides a detailed examination of the effects of urban green spaces on local air quality in metropolitan areas. The data collected from 20 cities worldwide indicates that urban green spaces significantly reduce levels of airborne pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM10). Specifically, areas with dense vegetation and large parklands showed an average reduction in NO2 and PM10 levels by 20% compared to areas with minimal green cover (Garcia et al., 2021; Zhang & Li, 2020). These findings are in line with previous research demonstrating the role of vegetation in air purification and the mitigation of urban heat islands (Wang et al., 2019).

Based on these findings, it is recommended that urban planners and policymakers prioritise the expansion and maintenance of green spaces in urban areas to improve air quality and public health. This can be achieved through initiatives such as the creation of new parks, green roofs, and green walls, as well as the preservation of existing natural habitats (Smith & Johnson, 2022). Future research should focus on the long-term impacts of different types of vegetation on air quality and the optimal spatial distribution of green spaces for maximum environmental benefits. Implementing these recommendations could lead to healthier urban environments and enhanced quality of life for city residents.

Academic writers and researchers can benefit greatly from a variety of resources and tools when crafting conclusions and recommendations .

• How to Write a Lot: A Practical Guide to Productive Academic Writing by Paul J. Silvia offers strategies for making writing a regular part of your academic life, including tips for writing conclusions and recommendations.
• The Craft of Research by Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb and Joseph M. Williams offers practical advice on every aspect of the research process, including how to effectively write conclusions and recommendations.
• Writing Science: How to Write Papers That Get Cited and Proposals That Get Funded by Joshua Schimel provides insights into writing clear and concise scientific papers, with specific chapters dedicated to crafting conclusions and recommendations.

Online resources

• The Harvard College Writing Center offers resources and advice on writing effective conclusions. Their guides cover how to restate the thesis, summarise key points and articulate the significance of the research.
• Purdue Online Writing Lab provides detailed guides on writing various parts of a research paper, including conclusions and recommendations. It also offers examples and exercises to help improve writing skills.
• University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center provides tips and strategies for writing conclusions, including how to create a sense of closure and address the broader implications of your research.

Software and tools

• EndNote is a reference management tool that helps organise research and references, making it easier to cite sources accurately.
• Hemingway is a writing assistant that helps improve clarity, readability and style by highlighting complex sentences and common errors. It ensures that conclusions and recommendations are clear and concise.
• Mendeley is another reference management tool that helps manage and share research papers, discover research data and collaborate online. It is useful for organising references used in writing conclusions and recommendations.

Editing services play a crucial role in preparing research papers for publication by ensuring that the content is clear, coherent and professionally presented. Here is how different types of editing services can help specifically with conclusions and recommendations, as well as the overall quality of a research paper:

Developmental editing

Developmental editing focuses on the structure and content of the paper, ensuring logical flow and clarity. In particular, developmental editing can help with conclusions and recommendations. For instance, it improves the structure and clarity of conclusions and recommendations by ensuring they are logically organised and clearly articulated. Moreover, it provides feedback on the content, suggesting improvements or additions to make the conclusions and recommendations more impactful and comprehensive. Finally, developmental editing improves consistency by ensuring that the conclusions and recommendations are consistent with the findings and arguments presented in the body of the paper.

The overall impact of developmental editing enhances the coherence and structure of the entire research paper. In addition, it ensures that all sections of the paper, including the conclusions and recommendations, align well with the research objectives and findings.

Line editing

Line editing focuses on improving the writing style, clarity and readability at the sentence and paragraph level. It improves the clarity and precision of the language used in the conclusions and recommendations, making them more understandable and impactful. Furthermore, it enhances the flow and readability, ensuring that the sections are engaging and easy to follow. Last, line editing adjusts the tone and style to ensure they are appropriate for the intended audience and purpose of the paper.

The impact of line editing lies in enhancing the overall readability and engagement of the research paper and ensuring that the writing is clear, concise and professional.

Copyediting

Copyediting focuses on correcting grammar, punctuation, spelling and syntax errors. It ensures that the conclusions and recommendations are free from grammatical, punctuation and spelling errors, enhancing professionalism. In addition, copyediting ensures consistency in terminology, formatting and style throughout the sections.

Overall, it provides a polished and professional final draft and ensures that the paper adheres to the style guide or publication standards.

Translation editing

Translation editing ensures that translated texts are accurate, culturally appropriate and retain the original meaning. First, translation editing ensures that the conclusions and recommendations in translated research papers accurately reflect the original content. Next, this service ensures that the language used is culturally appropriate and understandable to the target audience. Last, translation editing maintains consistency with the original paper’s tone, style and terminology.

All in all, translation editing facilitates the dissemination of research findings to a broader, multilingual audience. Furthermore, it ensures that translated research papers meet the same high standards as the original texts.

Proofreading

Proofreading provides a final check for minor errors in grammar, punctuation, spelling and formatting. For instance, proofreading catches any remaining errors in the conclusions and recommendations, ensuring they are polished and professional. Moreover, it ensures consistency in formatting and presentation, aligning with publication standards.

In sum, proofreading ensures that the research paper is error-free and ready for submission or publication.

Key takeaways

A research conclusion synthesises the study’s main points, highlights its significance and suggests potential implications or applications. It summarises the findings, underscores the broader implications, acknowledges limitations and recommends future research. Essential components include restating the thesis, summarising key points, discussing implications and limitations and providing a strong closing statement.

Research recommendations propose specific actions, areas for further study or changes in practice based on the findings. They guide future research, suggest practical applications, inform policy decisions and advance knowledge. Effective recommendations are specific, justified, feasible, impactful and prioritised.

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• How to write a conclusion for a research paper

ACROBAT | 6-MINUTE READ

How to write a conclusion for a research paper.

The conclusion connects the argument and final insights of a paper.

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JUMP TO SECTION

Step 1: Restate your thesis .

Step 2: Summarize key points .

Step 3: Discuss your research implications.

Step 4: close with a strong statement., step 5: edit and revise your conclusion..

Frequently asked questions

A compelling research paper conclusion can spark interest in a topic and inspire others to dive deeper into it. By clearly explaining the significance of your work and suggesting future research directions, you’re inviting readers to engage with the subject matter beyond just your paper, which is especially important in academic writing, where encouraging conversation and ongoing exploration are essential for advancing knowledge. Creating a sense of curiosity and connection to a topic can help keep the discussion going.

Follow these step-by-step instructions to write a conclusion for a research paper. Additionally, you’ll discover how tools like Adobe Acrobat can assist in editing, ensuring your conclusion is polished and effective. By perfecting this section when writing a research paper , you can leave a lasting impression on your audience and reinforce the value of your research.

Step 1: Restate your thesis.

The first step in writing a conclusion for a research paper is to restate your thesis in a way that resonates with your readers. The thesis is the core of your paper, so reinforcing it in your conclusion emphasizes the central argument you’ve built throughout the rest of the paper.

Rather than repeating the thesis exactly, try to rephrase it to showcase the development of the research, such as by using different words to re-engage the reader. For example, if your thesis was “Urban green spaces significantly enhance community health,” you could restate it in the conclusion as: “The presence of urban green spaces plays a crucial role in promoting the overall health and well-being of communities.”

This section sets up the rest of your conclusion by bringing the reader back to the main idea, so keep this part focused and impactful.

Step 2: Summarize key points.

After restating your thesis, the next step in writing a research paper conclusion is summarizing the key points. For a well-structured conclusion, briefly recap the major arguments and evidence presented throughout the paper. This approach ties back to how to format a research paper , as a clear and organized summary reinforces the logical flow of your work.

Focus on the main elements that support the thesis without going into too much detail. Each point should connect back to the thesis or main argument of the paper, but you don’t need to include every detail from the body of the paper. Providing this overview allows the reader to see how each point fits together, bringing a cohesive close to your research.

Crafting an impactful conclusion involves more than just summarizing and restating previous points. Discuss the broader implications of your findings and explain how they contribute to a larger picture, ultimately enriching the reader’s understanding. Consider how your research might influence future studies, policies, or practical applications in real-world contexts. By highlighting the potential impact of your findings, you can demonstrate their relevance and importance beyond just your paper.

Tools like Acrobat can be useful in this process, as they allow you to edit and refine your conclusion directly within a PDF document, ensuring your final message is clear and impactful. Ask questions to your PDF , such as “How can I tie my paper together?” or “What does my research mean?” By using these resources, you can improve the quality of your writing, ensuring that your research paper conclusion effectively communicates the significance of your work.

Finish the conclusion with a strong closing statement, such as a call to action, a thought-provoking quote, or a reflection on the importance of your topics. It’s the final opportunity to make an impression on your readers. A strong closing statement can inspire them to dive deeper into the topic or motivate them to take action.

Be mindful to provide a sense of closure; leaving readers with unanswered questions at the end of the conclusion can diminish the impact of your research. Ensure that your conclusion leaves your audience with a clear understanding of the importance of your topic and research.

An example of a strong closing statement is: “As cities continue to expand, prioritizing green spaces is essential for fostering vibrant, resilient communities. Our choices today will shape healthier, more connected cities for future generations.”

This statement ties the research to a broader impact and emphasizes the need for action. It also leaves an impression on readers by using positive words such as resilient to inspire readers and leave them with an optimistic view of what can be achieved. This positive framing can make a conclusion more memorable and persuasive.

Once you’ve written the conclusion, review and edit the content for clarity, coherence, and grammar. Editing ensures your conclusion is polished and error-free to communicate the key points effectively. To make the process easier, consider asking your instructor, a classmate, or a peer to review your conclusion and offer feedback. Additionally, you can use online tools like the Acrobat AI Assistant to help summarize your docs in a single click, get quick answers to questions, and increase your productivity. Check out some prompts to chat with your PDF more effectively .

Throughout your review, pay attention to sentence structure and the organization of your ideas. Consider rearranging sentences or ideas so that the conclusion is easier to follow. The goal is to ensure that your research paper’s conclusion is clear and concise, leaving a final impression on your reader.

Here are a few dos and don’ts when writing a conclusion for a research paper.

1 Stay concise. Ensure the conclusion is clear and brief.

2 Restate your thesis. Remind readers of the main argument of the paper.

3 Highlight significance. Emphasize the importance of your research and why it matters.

1 Introduce new information. The conclusion should summarize the information already presented throughout the paper.

2 End abruptly. Provide readers with closure and be sure the conclusion feels complete.

3 Be redundant. Focus on delivering a unique perspective and minimize repeating phrases or ideas you’ve already stated.

Frequently asked questions.

Whether you’re looking for tips on structure, formatting, or specific content, these frequently asked questions will help clarify the process of writing a research paper conclusion and improve your overall writing experience.

Why is the conclusion important in a research paper?

When learning how to write a research paper, understanding the importance of the conclusion is crucial. An essential part of any research paper, the conclusion summarizes the main ideas and aims to leave an impression on the reader. A firm conclusion ties everything together and enhances the overall impact of the piece. It’s the last opportunity to communicate your findings and their significance, making it a vital part of the work.

What is a good conclusion example?

A good example of a conclusion is, “In summary, this research highlights the transformative impact of urban green spaces on community health and well-being. By analyzing various case studies, we have shown that access to parks and green areas improves physical health, fosters social interactions, and enhances mental well-being. As urbanization continues to rise, city planners and policymakers must prioritize integrating green spaces into urban design. By doing so, we can create healthier, more vibrant communities that promote sustainability and improve the quality of life for all residents. The future of our cities depends on our commitment to nurturing these vital natural resources.”

This conclusion is effective because it restates the main findings, emphasizing the benefits of urban green spaces for physical and mental health and fostering social interactions. It goes beyond simply summarizing key points by thoughtfully exploring the broader implications of the research. Ending with a strong call to action inspires readers to advocate for cleaner, greener environments in their communities. This approach gives readers a sense of purpose, reminding them of their roles in creating sustainable, livable cities.

How long should a research paper conclusion be?

The length of your conclusion should be between 150 and 250 words, depending on the overall length and complexity of the paper. It’s important to keep the conclusion concise while hitting on all the important parts that wrap up your argument.

What are the 3 parts of conclusion?

The three main parts of a conclusion are the restatement of the thesis, a summary of the main points, and closing remarks. Each of these elements plays a crucial role in helping to create a cohesive and impactful finish to a research paper. This structure helps your conclusion to reinforce the main argument and presents a polished and complete finish to your paper.

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How to write a strong conclusion for your research paper

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17 February 2024

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Writing a research paper is a chance to share your knowledge and hypothesis. It's an opportunity to demonstrate your many hours of research and prove your ability to write convincingly.

Ideally, by the end of your research paper, you'll have brought your readers on a journey to reach the conclusions you've pre-determined. However, if you don't stick the landing with a good conclusion, you'll risk losing your reader’s trust.

Writing a strong conclusion for your research paper involves a few important steps, including restating the thesis and summing up everything properly.

Find out what to include and what to avoid, so you can effectively demonstrate your understanding of the topic and prove your expertise.

• Why is a good conclusion important?

A good conclusion can cement your paper in the reader’s mind. Making a strong impression in your introduction can draw your readers in, but it's the conclusion that will inspire them.

• What to include in a research paper conclusion

There are a few specifics you should include in your research paper conclusion. Offer your readers some sense of urgency or consequence by pointing out why they should care about the topic you have covered. Discuss any common problems associated with your topic and provide suggestions as to how these problems can be solved or addressed.

The conclusion should include a restatement of your initial thesis. Thesis statements are strengthened after you’ve presented supporting evidence (as you will have done in the paper), so make a point to reintroduce it at the end.

Finally, recap the main points of your research paper, highlighting the key takeaways you want readers to remember. If you've made multiple points throughout the paper, refer to the ones with the strongest supporting evidence.

• Steps for writing a research paper conclusion

Many writers find the conclusion the most challenging part of any research project . By following these three steps, you'll be prepared to write a conclusion that is effective and concise.

• Step 1: Restate the problem

Always begin by restating the research problem in the conclusion of a research paper. This serves to remind the reader of your hypothesis and refresh them on the main point of the paper. 

When restating the problem, take care to avoid using exactly the same words you employed earlier in the paper.

• Step 2: Sum up the paper

After you've restated the problem, sum up the paper by revealing your overall findings. The method for this differs slightly, depending on whether you're crafting an argumentative paper or an empirical paper.

Argumentative paper: Restate your thesis and arguments

Argumentative papers involve introducing a thesis statement early on. In crafting the conclusion for an argumentative paper, always restate the thesis, outlining the way you've developed it throughout the entire paper.

It might be appropriate to mention any counterarguments in the conclusion, so you can demonstrate how your thesis is correct or how the data best supports your main points.

Empirical paper: Summarize research findings

Empirical papers break down a series of research questions. In your conclusion, discuss the findings your research revealed, including any information that surprised you.

Be clear about the conclusions you reached, and explain whether or not you expected to arrive at these particular ones.

• Step 3: Discuss the implications of your research

Argumentative papers and empirical papers also differ in this part of a research paper conclusion. Here are some tips on crafting conclusions for argumentative and empirical papers.

Argumentative paper: Powerful closing statement

In an argumentative paper, you'll have spent a great deal of time expressing the opinions you formed after doing a significant amount of research. Make a strong closing statement in your argumentative paper's conclusion to share the significance of your work.

You can outline the next steps through a bold call to action, or restate how powerful your ideas turned out to be.

Empirical paper: Directions for future research

Empirical papers are broader in scope. They usually cover a variety of aspects and can include several points of view.

To write a good conclusion for an empirical paper, suggest the type of research that could be done in the future, including methods for further investigation or outlining ways other researchers might proceed.

If you feel your research had any limitations, even if they were outside your control, you could mention these in your conclusion.

After you finish outlining your conclusion, ask someone to read it and offer feedback. In any research project you're especially close to, it can be hard to identify problem areas. Having a close friend or someone whose opinion you value read the research paper and provide honest feedback can be invaluable. Take note of any suggested edits and consider incorporating them into your paper if they make sense.

• Things to avoid in a research paper conclusion

Keep these aspects to avoid in mind as you're writing your conclusion and refer to them after you've created an outline.

Dry summary

Writing a memorable, succinct conclusion is arguably more important than a strong introduction. Take care to avoid just rephrasing your main points, and don't fall into the trap of repeating dry facts or citations.

You can provide a new perspective for your readers to think about or contextualize your research. Either way, make the conclusion vibrant and interesting, rather than a rote recitation of your research paper’s highlights.

Clichéd or generic phrasing

Your research paper conclusion should feel fresh and inspiring. Avoid generic phrases like "to sum up" or "in conclusion." These phrases tend to be overused, especially in an academic context and might turn your readers off.

The conclusion also isn't the time to introduce colloquial phrases or informal language. Retain a professional, confident tone consistent throughout your paper’s conclusion so it feels exciting and bold.

New data or evidence

While you should present strong data throughout your paper, the conclusion isn't the place to introduce new evidence. This is because readers are engaged in actively learning as they read through the body of your paper.

By the time they reach the conclusion, they will have formed an opinion one way or the other (hopefully in your favor!). Introducing new evidence in the conclusion will only serve to surprise or frustrate your reader.

Ignoring contradictory evidence

If your research reveals contradictory evidence, don't ignore it in the conclusion. This will damage your credibility as an expert and might even serve to highlight the contradictions.

Be as transparent as possible and admit to any shortcomings in your research, but don't dwell on them for too long.

Ambiguous or unclear resolutions

The point of a research paper conclusion is to provide closure and bring all your ideas together. You should wrap up any arguments you introduced in the paper and tie up any loose ends, while demonstrating why your research and data are strong.

Use direct language in your conclusion and avoid ambiguity. Even if some of the data and sources you cite are inconclusive or contradictory, note this in your conclusion to come across as confident and trustworthy.

• Examples of research paper conclusions

Your research paper should provide a compelling close to the paper as a whole, highlighting your research and hard work. While the conclusion should represent your unique style, these examples offer a starting point:

Ultimately, the data we examined all point to the same conclusion: Encouraging a good work-life balance improves employee productivity and benefits the company overall. The research suggests that when employees feel their personal lives are valued and respected by their employers, they are more likely to be productive when at work. In addition, company turnover tends to be reduced when employees have a balance between their personal and professional lives. While additional research is required to establish ways companies can support employees in creating a stronger work-life balance, it's clear the need is there.

Social media is a primary method of communication among young people. As we've seen in the data presented, most young people in high school use a variety of social media applications at least every hour, including Instagram and Facebook. While social media is an avenue for connection with peers, research increasingly suggests that social media use correlates with body image issues. Young girls with lower self-esteem tend to use social media more often than those who don't log onto social media apps every day. As new applications continue to gain popularity, and as more high school students are given smartphones, more research will be required to measure the effects of prolonged social media use.

What are the different kinds of research paper conclusions?

There are no formal types of research paper conclusions. Ultimately, the conclusion depends on the outline of your paper and the type of research you’re presenting. While some experts note that research papers can end with a new perspective or commentary, most papers should conclude with a combination of both. The most important aspect of a good research paper conclusion is that it accurately represents the body of the paper.

Can I present new arguments in my research paper conclusion?

Research paper conclusions are not the place to introduce new data or arguments. The body of your paper is where you should share research and insights, where the reader is actively absorbing the content. By the time a reader reaches the conclusion of the research paper, they should have formed their opinion. Introducing new arguments in the conclusion can take a reader by surprise, and not in a positive way. It might also serve to frustrate readers.

How long should a research paper conclusion be?

There's no set length for a research paper conclusion. However, it's a good idea not to run on too long, since conclusions are supposed to be succinct. A good rule of thumb is to keep your conclusion around 5 to 10 percent of the paper's total length. If your paper is 10 pages, try to keep your conclusion under one page.

What should I include in a research paper conclusion?

A good research paper conclusion should always include a sense of urgency, so the reader can see how and why the topic should matter to them. You can also note some recommended actions to help fix the problem and some obstacles they might encounter. A conclusion should also remind the reader of the thesis statement, along with the main points you covered in the paper. At the end of the conclusion, add a powerful closing statement that helps cement the paper in the mind of the reader.

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How to Write Conclusion in Research Paper (With Example)

Writing a strong conclusion is a crucial part of any research paper. It provides a final opportunity to summarize your key findings, restate your thesis, and leave a lasting impression on your reader. However, many students struggle with how to effectively write a conclusion that ties everything together.

In this article, we’ll provide some tips and strategies for writing a compelling conclusion, along with an example to help illustrate the process. By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your research paper ends on a high note and leaves a lasting impact on your audience.

Why Conclusion is Important in Research Paper

The conclusion is the final chapter of your research paper journey, sealing the deal on all your hard work. After thoroughly laying out your main points and arguments in the body paragraphs, the conclusion gives you a chance to tie everything together into a neat, cohesive package.

More than just summarizing your key ideas, an effective conclusion shows readers the bigger picture of your research and why it matters. It highlights the significance of your findings , explains how your work contributes to the field, and points to potential future directions stemming from your study.

The conclusion is your last chance to leave a lasting impact and compel readers to seriously consider your perspective. With the right phrasing and tone, you can amplify the power of your work. Choose your words wisely, be persuasive yet diplomatic, and guide readers to walk away feeling satisfied by your reasoning and conclusions.

Approach the conclusion thoughtfully, reflect deeply on the larger meaning of your research, and craft impactful final sentences that linger in the reader’s mind. Wield your conclusion skillfully to make your research paper transformative and memorable. A powerful, thoughtful conclusion inspires action, sparks curiosity, and showcases the valuable insights you bring to the academic conversation.

How to Write Conclusion for a Research Paper

Crafting an effective conclusion in research paper requires thoughtful consideration and deliberate effort. After presenting your findings and analysis, the conclusion allows you to close your work with a flourish.

Begin by briefly summarizing the main points of your paper, provide a quick recap of your thesis, methodology, and key findings without repeating too much details from the body. Use this as an opportunity to reinforce your main argument and position within the field.

Next, highlight the significance and implications of your research. What new insights or perspectives does your work contribute? Discuss how your findings can inform future studies or practical applications. Convey why your research matters and how it moves the needle forward in your discipline.

Address any limitations of the current study and propose potential next steps that could be taken by you or other scholars to further the research. This shows readers you have critically considered ways to continue expanding knowledge in this area.

Finally, close with a memorable statement that captures the essence of your work and leaves a lasting impression. This could be an apt metaphor, a call to action, or a thought provoking question for readers to ponder. Choose words that will resonate with your audience and demonstrate the impact of your research.

With care and creativity, your conclusion can elevate your paper and cement your scholarly authority. Revisit often as you write to ensure your conclusion accomplishes its purpose, to convince readers of the value of your study and ignite further progress in your field.

What Not to Include in a Research Paper Conclusion

1. New Data: In a research paper conclusion, avoid presenting new data or evidence that wasn’t discussed earlier in the paper. It’s the time to summarize, analyze, or explain the significance of data already provided, not to introduce new material.

2. Irrelevant Details: The conclusion is not the spot for extraneous details not directly related to your research or its findings. Be focused and concise, tying up the paper neatly without going off-target.

3. Personal Opinions: Try not to include personal beliefs or subjective opinions unless your paper calls for it. Stick to empirical evidence, facts, and objective interpretation of your research.

4. Vague Summarization: While summarizing is the essence of a conclusion, too much of a broad or vague narrative should be avoided. Your conclusion shouldn’t be a generalization of the research but should specifically state your significant findings and their implications.

5. Overstating Results: No matter how exhilarating your research may be, don’t exaggerate its implications or general applications. Remember to acknowledge limitations or potential areas for future exploration.

6. Procrastinating: Refrain from leaving unresolved issues for future research. The conclusion is meant to tie up loose ends, not create more.

7. Repetition: While some reiteration is necessary, completely repeating the same phrases and points made previously can make your conclusion sound boring and redundant. Instead, try to look at your argument from a fresh, summarized perspective.

8. Apologies: Do not apologize or discredit your research efforts. Avoid phrases like, “This research was only” or “Although the study wasn’t able to prove”. A conclusion should confidently present your research results even if they’re unexpected or differ from your hypothesis.

9. Impractical Recommendations: While it’s often good to suggest directions for future research, don’t go overboard by proposing impractical or unachievable goals. Keep your recommendations relevant to your findings and within the realm of possibility.

10. Too Much Jargon: While it’s appropriate to use technical language throughout your research paper, remember the conclusion might be what a layman reads. Stick with a happy medium of professional lingo intermixed with understandable, plain language.

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Conclusion in research Example

Research: Impact of Social Media Use on Adolescent Mental Health.

In conclusion, this study has demonstrated the significant impact of social media use on adolescent mental health. Our findings indicate that frequent social media use is associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression, particularly among girls. These results underscore the need for continued research in this area, as well as the development of interventions and strategies to promote healthy social media use among young people. By addressing this issue, we can help to ensure the well-being and success of the next generation.

Conclusion in Research Paper Example

Research: Impact of climate change on coral reefs in Florida.

In conclusion, the effect of climate change on Florida’s coral reefs presents a significant concern for the state’s ecosystem and economy. The data collected during this investigation reveal a direct correlation between rising ocean temperatures and coral bleaching events. This pattern has increased over the past decade, indicating that coral reefs’ health directly correlates with climate change effects.

Example Conclusion in Research

Research: The Influence of Social Media on Consumer Buying Behavior

Social media significantly shapes consumer buying behavior. Its power to influence is seen through peer opinions, online advertising, and brand communication. However, with the potential for misinformation, the reliability and quality of information are areas for further study. Despite these concerns, businesses leveraging social media can effectively boost their market reach and sales.

Research Paper Conclusion

Research: Impacts of Remote Work on Employee Productivity

Remote work has been found to notably enhance employee productivity. The elimination of commuting time, flexible scheduling, and comforting environment contribute to this increase. However, factors like home distractions and technological difficulties offer room for further research. Yet, integrating remote work can be a strategic pathway towards improved efficiency and workforce satisfaction.

These examples demonstrate techniques for crafting an effective conclusion in a research paper, providing your thesis with a powerful final statement. Now it is your turn to compose a strong concluding paragraph that summarizes your findings, reinforces your central argument, and leaves readers with a memorable takeaway.

Remember to restate your thesis without repeating it verbatim, highlight your main points without introducing new evidence, and end on a note that conveys the significance of your research. With a clear structure and purpose, proper grammar, and impactful writing, you can give your paper the persuasive conclusion it deserves.

Writing an effective conclusion takes practice, but by honing these skills you will elevate your academic writing to new heights. Use the strategies outlined here as a guide, believe in your capabilities, and soon you will be adept at concluding research papers powerfully. The final paragraph is your last chance to impress readers, so make it count!

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