Mar 25, 2024 · The background of the study is a crucial part of any research paper, thesis, or dissertation. It provides the necessary context for readers to understand the research problem, highlights existing knowledge, identifies gaps, and justifies the study’s significance. ... Dec 18, 2024 · A well-organized background of a study structure typically includes an introduction, literature review, research gaps, research objectives, and significance. A compelling background can influence editorial decision outcomes and readership. ... Background of a Study vs Literature Review. In a research study, the context sets the basis of the inquiry and provides substantial background and rationale. It explains why an investigation is reasonable by highlighting the problems or trends that led to its development. ... Nov 27, 2018 · So in this article, I will cover the basics of writing the background and explain how it is different from the literature review. The background of the study establishes the context of the research. This section explains why this particular research topic is important and essential to understanding the main aspects of the study. ... Jul 25, 2024 · What is the Background of a Study? The background of a study provides context by explaining the research problem, highlighting gaps in existing knowledge, and establishing the study’s significance. ... Sep 25, 2023 · Understanding the concept of the background of the study. Learning how to craft a compelling background effectively. Identifying and sidestepping common pitfalls in writing the background. Exploring practical examples that bring the theory to life. Enhancing both your writing and reading of academic papers. ... Dec 5, 2024 · The background of the study is different from the introduction in terms of length, purpose, and content. The introduction is a brief overview of the research paper, while the background of the study is a detailed section that provides context and justifies the need for the study. Where is the background of the study placed in a research paper? ... ">
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Home » Background of The Study – Examples and Writing Guide

Background of The Study – Examples and Writing Guide

Table of Contents

The background of the study is an integral part of a research paper, thesis, or dissertation. It provides the context for the research problem, introduces the topic, and highlights the importance of the study. A well-written background offers readers the foundation they need to understand the research’s objectives and significance, bridging the gap between what is already known and what the study aims to explore. This guide outlines the key components of a background of the study, provides step-by-step writing instructions, and offers practical examples to illustrate effective writing.

Background of The Study

Background of The Study

The background of the study explains the broader context of the research problem. It provides information on the current state of knowledge, relevant historical developments, gaps in existing research, and the significance of addressing these gaps. This section often precedes the problem statement and serves as a foundation for understanding why the research is necessary.

  • To introduce the topic and establish its relevance.
  • To summarize existing research and identify knowledge gaps.
  • To explain the motivation and rationale behind the study.

Importance of the Background of the Study

  • Establishes Context : It situates the research within its broader academic or practical framework.
  • Justifies the Research : By highlighting gaps or unresolved issues, it demonstrates why the study is necessary.
  • Engages the Reader : A well-written background builds interest and understanding, preparing the reader for the study’s objectives.
  • Links to the Research Problem : It transitions smoothly into the problem statement, laying the groundwork for the research questions or hypotheses.

How to Write the Background of the Study

Step 1: understand the research topic.

Before writing, ensure you have a thorough understanding of your topic. Familiarize yourself with key concepts, theories, and previous studies.

Step 2: Identify the Key Elements

A strong background includes the following components:

  • Introduction to the Topic : Briefly describe the area of study and its importance.
  • Current Knowledge : Summarize what is already known from previous research.
  • Knowledge Gaps : Identify limitations or gaps in existing studies.
  • Relevance of the Study : Explain why addressing these gaps is significant.

Step 3: Organize the Content

Structure the background logically:

  • Start Broadly : Begin with general information about the topic.
  • Narrow the Focus : Gradually narrow down to the specific problem your research addresses.
  • End with a Rationale : Conclude with a clear statement of why your study is essential.

Step 4: Write Concisely and Clearly

Avoid overly technical language or excessive detail. Your goal is to provide enough context to inform and engage the reader without overwhelming them.

Examples of Background of the Study

Example 1: background of the study in education.

Topic : The Impact of Online Learning on High School Students’ Academic Performance

Background : The rapid advancement of digital technology has significantly transformed the educational landscape. Online learning, once considered a supplementary tool, became a primary mode of instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Numerous studies have examined the benefits of online education, including flexibility and accessibility. However, research also highlights challenges, such as reduced student engagement and lack of social interaction. Despite these findings, little is known about how online learning specifically affects academic performance among high school students in underserved communities. Addressing this gap is crucial for designing inclusive and effective online learning strategies.

Example 2: Background of the Study in Healthcare

Topic : The Role of Telemedicine in Managing Chronic Diseases

Background : Chronic diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Traditional face-to-face healthcare delivery has proven effective but often fails to address accessibility challenges for patients in rural or underserved areas. Telemedicine has emerged as a promising alternative, enabling remote monitoring and consultation through digital platforms. While previous research highlights the potential of telemedicine to improve patient outcomes, studies often focus on short-term benefits or specific conditions. There is limited evidence on its long-term impact on managing multiple chronic diseases simultaneously. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the effectiveness of telemedicine in comprehensive chronic disease management.

Example 3: Background of the Study in Environmental Science

Topic : The Effect of Urbanization on Local Biodiversity

Background : Urbanization is a global phenomenon characterized by the conversion of natural landscapes into urban environments. This process has profound implications for local biodiversity, often leading to habitat loss and species decline. Previous studies have documented the adverse effects of urbanization on ecosystems, including reduced species richness and altered ecological dynamics. However, there is a lack of research focusing on small urban centers, where urbanization is occurring at a slower yet significant pace. Understanding how urbanization affects biodiversity in these areas is essential for developing localized conservation strategies. This study seeks to address this gap by examining biodiversity patterns in small urban centers.

Tips for Writing an Effective Background of the Study

  • Start Broad, End Specific : Gradually transition from general information about the topic to the specific problem your research addresses.
  • Use Credible Sources : Reference peer-reviewed articles, reputable books, and authoritative reports to support your claims.
  • Avoid Repetition : Do not repeat content from other sections like the introduction or literature review; keep the background unique and focused.
  • Keep It Concise : The background should be clear and succinct, typically ranging from a few paragraphs to a couple of pages, depending on the length of the research.
  • Use Logical Flow : Ensure ideas are presented in a coherent order to maintain readability.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Being Too Vague : Failing to provide enough detail about the research context can leave readers confused.
  • Overloading with Information : Including excessive or irrelevant details may distract readers from the main focus.
  • Lack of Focus on Knowledge Gaps : The background should emphasize what is not known to justify the study.
  • Relying on Outdated Sources : Ensure your references are recent and relevant to maintain credibility.
  • Skipping the Rationale : Always explain why your research is significant and how it contributes to the field.

The background of the study is a crucial part of any research paper, thesis, or dissertation. It provides the necessary context for readers to understand the research problem, highlights existing knowledge, identifies gaps, and justifies the study’s significance. By following the steps and examples outlined in this guide, you can craft a compelling background that lays a strong foundation for your research.

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  • Ridley, D. (2012). The Literature Review: A Step-by-Step Guide for Students (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
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background of study in research

What is the Background of a Study and How to Write it (with Examples) 

Background of the study in research

Table of Contents

The background of a study is a critical component of any research paper. It acts as the foundation upon which the entire study is built. The purpose of the background is to provide context and rationale and to clarify the significance of the study. By explaining the importance of the study, the background of the study in research provides an overview of the relevant research and explains how your research will address any knowledge gaps. Did you know that the opening remarks of a research article can influence editorial decision outcomes and readership? A compelling background will encourage a reader to pay close attention to your paper.   

 A well-structured background reflects the author’s grasp of the research topic and the specific study. It should be concise and free of unnecessary details. It is advisable to write the background after completing the other sections of the manuscript, as this allows you to have all relevant information readily available, making it easier to create a thorough introduction to your paper.   

In this article, we will delve into how to write the research background , all about background of the study format and structure, and background of the study examples . You will also learn how to make the background of the study effective and impressive.  

What is the background of a study ?  

A simple answer to the question “ What is the background of a study ?” could be that it is a roadmap that guides readers through the origins of your research journey. More specifically, the background of the study in research refers to the introductory section of a research paper that outlines the context and significance of the research topic. It sets the stage for understanding why the study is necessary and what it aims to achieve. Thus, it is essential for readers to grasp the relevance and implications of the research findings.  

The main components of the study background are a general overview of the research area, clear statement of the problem or question, and review of the relevant literature. The background in research should not exclude relevant theories and concepts, claims and assumptions, historical data, and even controversies, if applicable.  

background of study in research

How is a background different from the introduction?

Now you must be wondering how a background differs from the introduction! In fact, it is common for people to mistakenly view the introduction and the background of a research paper as identical, often using the terms interchangeably . While this confusion is quite understandable, it is crucial to recognize that these two components are fundamentally different and fulfill separate roles within the paper. Table 1 shows the key differences between the background of the study and introduction.  

Table 1. Differentiating between the introduction and background of the study  

Background of the study structure  

Next, let’s take a look at the structure of the background of the study. Format and style of the text may differ depending on the discipline and the journal. However, broadly, the background of the study content is structured as follows:  

  • Brief introduction: Provide an introduction and outline of the chronological developments that led to the current topic of research.  
  • Literature review: Summarize the highlights of the main developments of the research topic and the main gaps that need to be addressed.  
  • In an interdisciplinary study, you may provide a description of how different disciplines are linked .   
  • In certain fields (social sciences), you might need to describe the theoretical framework.  
  • Study rationale: Justify the study, providing the scope and significance.  
  • Study objectives: Explain what the study seeks to accomplish.  
  • Hypothesis: Define the research hypothesis.  
  • Reiterate the importance: Finally, conclude the background of the study by explaining why this research matters.  

You can see these aspects covered in a research background example in Figure 1. However, to reiterate, the background of the study format need not be exactly as depicted; the length, number of paragraphs, and order can be flexible, depending on the field and study type.  

background of study in research

Figure 1: Fictional example showing background of the study structure 

How to write the background of the study in research papers  

Coming to how to write research background : writing the background of the study involves several steps that ensure clarity and relevance. Here is a stepwise approach:  

Define your research problem

Begin the background of the study by clearly stating the problem your research addresses. This should include:  

  • The specific issue or gap in knowledge that prompted your study.
  • Why this problem is significant within your field.  

For example: 

“Despite numerous studies on climate change impacts on agriculture, there remains insufficient understanding of how these impacts vary across different socio-economic contexts.”  

Summarize the relevant literature

Summarize relevant literature that pertains to your research problem. Include key findings from previous studies, methodologies used in past research, any controversies or debates within the field, etc.  

Highlight gaps in existing research

Identify specific areas where current literature falls short; note the lack of studies on a specific aspect, methodological weaknesses in previous studies, etc.  

For example:  

“Previous studies have primarily focused on large-scale agricultural operations, neglecting smallholder farmers, who may experience different challenges.”  

State your research objectives

The background of the study structure should include an outline of what your study aims to achieve. This should be directly linked to the gaps identified in your literature review.  

“This study aims to explore how smallholder farmers adapt their practices in response to climate change impacts, providing insights into their resilience strategies.”  

Discuss the significance

Explain why your research is important. This could include potential implications for policy, practice, or further research.  

For example:   “Understanding smallholder adaptations can inform agricultural policies aimed at enhancing resilience among vulnerable populations.”  

Read further to know how to make the background of the study more impressive without the typical mistakes many authors make.  

background of study in research

Tips when writing the background of the study

  • Write this section after you have conducted a literature review and identified the research problem and objectives.   
  • Make sure you have carefully read and understood the literature. Background in research calls for clear grasp of what is known and what you need to add.  
  • Use note-taking apps and be sure to list the source so that you don’t miss citing a study or accidentally mis-reference a study.  
  • Ensure that the details presented in the background of the study are presented chronologically and organized clearly.  
  • After writing the section, take a step back and look at it after a short break. You might notice issues in flow or logic.  
  • Ensure the use of a formal, academic tone in your writing.   
  • Follow a consistent style for citations in your background of the study. Format ting should be in line with your target journal.  
  • Seek feedback from a peer or mentor.  
  • Consider receiving professional editing services to correct and polish background of the study content .  

How to avoid mistakes in writing the background

Here are some pitfalls to avoid in your background of the study content :  

  • Don’t be too vague. Ensure clarity by being specific about your topic and its significance.  
  • At the same time, avoid overloading the text with information. Unrelated and distracting information is a no-no.  
  • Don’t neglect the background of the study structure . Maintain logical flow throughout.   
  • Avoid using jargon that may confuse readers rather than making concepts accessible.  

Where does the study background section go in a paper?  

One may consider the background of the study as a contextual “bridge” in a research paper. The background of the study in research is typically the first part of the introduction section. The background of the study content puts the work in context, offering relevant information a reader requires to understand the study rationale.  

In a thesis, the background of the study may form an entire chapter. Meanwhile, t he background of the study in a research proposal might also have a dedicated section within or separate from the introduction.  

Examples for background of a study  

You saw a sample background of the study in Figure 1. To illustrate how to write an effective background, here are some research background examples from different fields, as well as a background of the study in research proposal example.  

 1. Background of the study example: Public health

Background of the study example: Public health

Background of the study example: Public health

  • Research background example : Psychology

Research background example: Psychology

Research background example: Psychology

Background of the study in research proposal example

Background of the study in research proposal example

Key takeaways  

The background of a study is an essential component of a research paper. It requires researchers to contextualize their work, justify its significance, and position it within existing knowledge. A well-written background not only enhances the perceived quality of the research but also engages readers’ interest in the study as a whole. Now that you have read about how to write the research background , as well as seen some sample background of the study examples, here is a quick glance at the key points to remember:  

  • A well-organized background of a study structure typically includes an introduction, literature review, research gaps, research objectives, and significance.  
  • A compelling background can influence editorial decision outcomes and readership.  
  • Carefully read and understand the literature. Background in research should convey clearly what is known and what are the gaps.  
  • Follow a consistent style for citations in your background of the study ; do not miss citing a study or accidentally mis-reference a study.  
  • Ensure an organized background of the study structure . Do not include unrelated and irrelevant information.  
  • Be sure to include relevant theories and concepts, claims and assumptions, historical data, and controversies as applicable.  
  • If needed, seek editorial assistance to correct and polish background of the study content .  

background of study in research

 Frequently Asked Questions

Why is writing a background of the study necessary , how to create a background of the study that is engaging .

  • Frame your background around a central theme that resonates with your research. This narrative approach helps to create a connection with the reader and makes complex information more relatable  
  • Offer a brief history of the topic, with milestones or developments that have shaped the current landscape. This context helps readers understand the evolution of the issue.  
  • Discuss recent developments relevant to your research problem, such as technological advancements or societal shifts. This keeps the background timely and relevant.  
  • Explain how your study addresses these gaps and contributes uniquely to the existing body of knowledge.   

How does the background differ from the introduction in a research paper? 

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What is the difference between citations and references?

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What is the Background of a Study and How to Write It

A wide-ranging base under any research endeavor is called for, and the background of a study is an important constituent of this. It follows that this section shall present the framework of the research and give background information allowing readers to understand why this study is important.

So, what does a good background comprise? In which ways does it differ from a literature review? This will take you through everything you need to know about crafting a compelling background. Whether you are seasoned or just starting as a researcher, understanding this aspect can do wonders for your work. So, let’s dive right in!

What is the Background of Study?

The background of a study provides crucial context for the research undertaken. It explains the problem being addressed and delineates its pertinent historical dimensions, theoretical frameworks, or improvements related to the subject. This section enables the reader’s understanding of the reasons underlying the research and locates it in relation to the extant literature.

A good background section should be stated briefly, excluding unnecessary details. Begin with the general themes and gradually bring out the specifics relevant to your research. In addition, pertinent statistics, previous research, or significant events will help make your writing a better narrative and more engaging from the very first page.

Every research question starts with a conceptual framework, and it is when this has been established that the background of the study becomes all important. That is, the chapter puts before the reader all information necessary for an understanding as to why and how it is so important.

It is, therefore very important for researchers and students to understand the methodology that will be used in effectively writing this section. The right background frames the framework for your results and claims; it, therefore, enhances the importance that will be attached to the reader.

It connects established knowledge with new questions and hence forms one of the most crucial elements of scholarly research. Significance of the Study’s Background.

The background section of a study establishes the foundational context for the research endeavor. It provides the reader with necessary information for understanding why the topic in question is important. A well-articulated background identifies inadequacies in existing knowledge and highlights the pertinence of the conducted research.

It also serves as a link between previous literature and the goals of your study. In this part, one formulates various relevant theories and empirical outcomes and provides a basis which enhances the authenticity of your discussion. It is specially applicable at the time of intense examination carried out in a review of literature, as well as understanding previous works could influence further investigations.

What are the characteristics that determine the Background of a Study?

The context in which the study is conducted is extremely important to understand the research topic. This explains previous studies, relevant theories, and important findings underlying the study. Such a section introduces a rationale for identifying that there is a need to conduct the research.

This means that it has an idea of the existing gaps in ongoing studies or topics that require further research using already known knowledge related to new questions. An appropriate background not only educates the reader but also shows the relevance of your study in the general academic environment.

Background of a Study vs Literature Review

In a research study, the context sets the basis of the inquiry and provides substantial background and rationale. It explains why an investigation is reasonable by highlighting the problems or trends that led to its development. This section mainly concentrates on the gaps within existing knowledge and clarifies particular questions that the research seeks to answer.

A literature review explores the subtleties of past research relevant to your topic. It is a critical analysis of existing studies, synthesizing results, and explaining how your study will either add to or challenge the current understanding in the field.

What is the Purpose of Writing the Background of a Study?

The foundational context of a research investigation is very important for an understanding of its full scope. It enables the audience to appreciate the importance and relevance of the study. By delineating existing knowledge, pinpointing gaps in research, and emphasizing pressing questions, one effectively constructs the framework for the analysis.

This writing connects you with other scholars and experts in your area of study. It helps present a case that further points to the need for even more research, therefore broadening your understanding of why your study is important. Such preparation will encourage those to become interested and engage once they read your results later.

Who Writes a Background of a Study?

A research study’s background is usually built by the initiating researcher or the author. The latter experiences firsthand the research subject; he has first-hand experience about its applicability within the field. Insights stemming from this person go quite a long way in forming the context needed.

Co-authors involved in joint activities are assured of providing contributions. Every author comes with new insights that enhance the contextual framework. Besides, instructors or coaches may provide foundational insight to facilitate clarity and completeness in regard to this very essential component of research work.

Drafting in Preparation for the Background of the Study

Before writing the background of the study, all relevant materials have to be gathered. These may include previous researches, databases, and publications associated with this topic. Being updated about the current literature helps in understanding how your research fits within the academic scene.

Later, state the major topics or problem statements you want to focus on. Making an outline will help organize your ideas and ensure that your background presents the required context accordingly. This is a preparation stage that will lead to the development of a convincing history that supports the objectives you set for your study convincingly.

Writing Techniques on the Background of a Research

Begin with a clear statement of the research problem. This will give a focused course to your background, which will help in presenting relevant information. The language should be clear and direct and not technical jargon, which might confuse readers.

Organize the material chronologically or thematically after this. Highlight important contributions to the field and relate these to your research. Incorporate statistical data or recent findings to strengthen your study. Transition between ideas to keep the flow of the background section fluid and coherent.

Examples of good backgrounds in research

An effective background of a study sets up the stage for your research. As an example, in regard to the childhood obesity topic discussed above, it starts with a discussion of the increasing rates, societal influences, and previous interventions, among others. It becomes quite an interesting reading material and will further show how relevant that study was to your research.

For instance, in environmental science, the background on climate change impacts can include historical data and current trends. The provision of such information makes the work of the researchers urgent and important while establishing credibility within the field.

A strong background is an important factor in a research as it forms the base of the research effort. It gives background and focuses attention on the investigation. In a research, clearly defining what is being addressed and how relevant captures the interest of the audience and strengthens credibility.

Understanding the differences between a literature review and background information will really increase the productivity of any writer. Through comprehensive preparation and the use of an efficiently organized methodology, a writer can produce a richly detailed background that will achieve the goals of his research.

Employing examples will further elucidate optimal practices in this domain. As you refine your approach, it is essential to recognize that clarity and coherence are fundamental to ensuring that your research endeavors exert a tangible influence. Adhere to these principles while composing your work, making certain that each word fulfills its intended function in disseminating knowledge within your discipline.

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How to write the background of your study

Study Background & Introduction

Dr. Rishibha Sachdev

How to write the background of your study

While the findings of your study form the foreground of your research, it is equally important to establish the background of your study. A well-written background will provide your study with a context and prompt the readers to read the rest of your paper.

However, most authors struggle with writing the background of the study. Another common problem authors encounter is distinguishing between the background and the literature review, which are critical aspects of any research paper. The two terms are often used interchangeably; however, they have clearly defined roles. So in this article, I will cover the basics of writing the background and explain how it is different from the literature review.

background of study in research

The background of the study establishes the context of the research. This section explains why this particular research topic is important and essential to understanding the main aspects of the study. Usually, the background forms the first section of a research article/thesis and justifies the need for conducting the study and summarizes what the study aims to achieve.

How to structure the background

In this section, the author usually outlines the historical developments in the literature that led to the current topic of research concisely. If the study is interdisciplinary, it should describe how different disciplines are connected and what aspects of each discipline will be studied.

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Additionally, authors should briefly highlight the main developments of their research topic and identify the main gaps that need to be addressed. In other words, this section should give an overview of your study. The section should be organized as:

  • What is known about the broad topic?
  • What are the gaps or missing links that need to be addressed? 
  • What is the significance of addressing those gaps?
  • What are the rationale and hypothesis of your study?

The background section, therefore, should provide general information about the topic of your research and emphasize the main aims of the study. Please ensure that you only discuss the main and relevant aspects of the studies that have led to your aims. Do not elaborate on them as this should be done in the literature review section. The background section should discuss your findings in a chronological manner to accentuate the progress in the field and the missing points that need to be addressed. The background should be written as a summary of your interpretation of previous research and what your study proposes to accomplish.

How to make the background engaging

As the background includes a lot of information, it can become a long drag, causing the readers to lose interest. To ensure that your background is engaging, you should try to build a story around the central theme of your research.

Ensure that the story adheres to the core idea and does not digress into a broad literature review. Each idea should lead to the next so that readers are able to grasp the story and themselves identify the gaps that your study is going to address.

How to avoid common mistakes in writing the background

While writing an effective background, you ought to steer clear of some mistakes. The most common mistakes in writing the background include the following:

  • Don’t write a background that is too long or too short. Focus on including all the important details but write concisely.  
  • Don’t be ambiguous. Writing in a way that does not convey the message to the readers defeats the purpose of the background, so express yourself keeping in mind that the reader does not know your research intimately.  
  • Don’t discuss unrelated themes. Try and center your discussion around the pivotal aspects of your research topic i.e. highlight the gaps in the literature, state the novelty of the study, and the need to conduct the study.
  • Don’t be disorganized. Not discussing the themes in a chronological manner can confuse the reader about the progress in the field, so try and organize your writing carefully.

How is the background different from the literature review   

Many authors find it difficult to discern the difference between the literature review and the study background. The literature review section should follow the background section, as the second section of your manuscript/thesis. This section basically supports the background section by providing evidence for the proposed hypothesis. This section should be more comprehensive and thoroughly describe all the studies that you have mentioned in the background section. It should also elaborate on all studies that form evidence for the present study and discuss the current trends.

To write this section, you will need to do a thorough literature search on different studies that relate to the broad topic of your research. This will introduce the readers to the area of your research. Following this, you should present a more focused survey of the specific studies that are associated with the precise objective of your study. It would be ideal to organize them thematically and discuss them chronologically so that readers are aware of the evolution and progress in the field. In other words, separate themes should be discussed chronologically to highlight how research in those fields has progressed over time. This will highlight what has been done and what are the future directions that need to be worked upon.

To learn in depth how to write a persuasive study background take this course:  How to write an engaging background of the study for your research paper . 

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An important thing to consider is that the literature review should be organized to highlight what research has been done and point out what has been missed. There might be other studies that have tried to fill the gaps in the literature and have been unsuccessful or there might be better ways to address the gaps. Covering these points in the literature review gives the readers a perspective on the significance and the novelty of the study. This can be accomplished by comparing and contrasting previous similar studies to abreast the reader with all the knowledge about the field.  

For research papers, it is usual for the background and literature review to be combined and presented together without separate headings. For dissertations, the background and literature review may be presented as separate sections. Ultimately, it is best to check your target journal’s instructions before writing the background of your study.

For more helpful resources, check out the following:

  • How to write the background to the study in a research paper?
  • What comprises the background to a study in a research paper?
  • INFOGRAPHIC: 6 Differences between study background and literature review
  • INFOGRAPHIC: 8 Dos and 8 don'ts of writing an engaging study background

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Published on: Nov 27, 2018

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Background of the Study

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Background of the Study

The background of the study provides a comprehensive overview of the research problem, including the context , significance, and gaps in existing knowledge. It sets the stage for the research by outlining the historical, theoretical, and practical aspects that have led to the current investigation, highlighting the importance of addressing the identified issues.

What is the Background of a Study? 

The background of a study provides context by explaining the research problem, highlighting gaps in existing knowledge, and establishing the study’s significance. It sets the stage for the research objective , offering a foundation for understanding the study’s purpose and relevance within the broader academic discourse.

Background of the Study Format

The background of the study is a foundational section in any research paper or thesis . Here is a structured format to follow:

1. Introduction

  • Briefly introduce the topic and its relevance.
  • Mention the research problem or question.

2. Contextual Framework

  • Provide historical background.
  • Discuss relevant theories and models.
  • Explain the practical context.

3. Literature Review

  • Summarize key studies related to the topic.
  • Highlight significant findings and their implications.
  • Identify gaps in the existing literature.

4. Rationale

  • Explain why the study is necessary.
  • Discuss the significance and potential impact.
  • Justify the research focus and scope.

5. Objectives and Research Questions

  • State the primary objective of the study.
  • List the specific research questions.

6. Conclusion

  • Summarize the importance of the background.
  • Emphasize how it sets the stage for the research.
Introduction The increasing incidence of climate change and its effects on global agriculture has raised significant concerns among researchers. This study focuses on the impact of climate change on crop yields. Contextual Framework Historically, agricultural practices have adapted to gradual climate changes. However, recent rapid shifts have outpaced these adaptations, necessitating urgent research. Theoretical models of climate adaptation provide a foundation for understanding these changes. Literature Review Recent studies show mixed results on the extent of climate change impacts on agriculture. While some regions experience reduced yields, others report minimal changes. These discrepancies highlight the need for a focused study on regional impacts. Rationale This research is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate adverse effects on agriculture. Understanding specific regional impacts can help tailor interventions, making this study highly significant for policymakers and farmers. Objectives and Research Questions To assess the impact of climate change on crop yields in the Midwest. What are the main climate factors affecting agriculture in this region? How can farmers adapt to these changes effectively? Conclusion The background of the study underscores its relevance and importance, providing a solid foundation for the research. By addressing identified gaps, this study aims to contribute valuable insights into climate change adaptation strategies in agriculture.

Background of the Study Examples

Impact of social media on academic performance, effects of urbanization on local ecosystems, role of nutrition in early childhood development.

background-of-the-study-on-impact-of-social-media-on-academic-performance-html

More Background of the Study Examples

  • Online Learning and Reading Skills
  • Mindfulness at Work
  • Parental Role in Preventing Childhood Obesity
  • Green Building and Energy Efficiency
  • Peer Tutoring in High Schools
  • Remote Work and Work-Life Balance
  • Technology in Healthcare

Background of the Study in Research Example

Background-of-the-Study-in-Research-Example-Edit-Download-Pdf

Background of the Study in Qualitative Research Example

Background-of-the-Study-in-Qualitative-Research-Example-Edit-Download-Pdf

Importance of Background of the Study

The background of the study is essential for several reasons:

  • Context Establishment : It sets the stage for the research by outlining the historical, theoretical, and practical contexts.
  • Literature Review : It provides a summary of existing literature, highlighting what is already known and identifying gaps in knowledge.
  • Research Justification : It explains why the study is necessary, showcasing its relevance and significance.
  • Research Direction : It guides the research questions and objectives, ensuring the study is focused and coherent.
  • Foundation for Methodology : It lays the groundwork for the research methodology, explaining the choice of methods and approaches.
  • Informing Stakeholders : It helps stakeholders understand the importance and potential impact of the research.

How is the Background of a Study Different From the Introduction?

The background of a study and the introduction serve distinct but complementary purposes in a research paper. Here’s how they differ:

  • Provides detailed context for the research problem.
  • Explains the historical, theoretical, and practical background of the topic.
  • Identifies gaps in existing knowledge that the study aims to fill.
  • Includes a comprehensive literature review.
  • Discusses relevant theories, models, and previous research findings.
  • Sets the stage for the study by explaining why it is important and necessary.
  • Typically more detailed and longer than the introduction.
  • Provides in-depth information to help readers understand the broader context of the research.

Introduction

  • Introduces the topic and the research problem in a concise manner.
  • Captures the reader’s interest and sets the stage for the rest of the paper.
  • States the research objectives, questions, and sometimes hypotheses.
  • Brief overview of the topic and its significance.
  • Clear statement of the research problem.
  • Outline of the study’s objectives and research questions.
  • May include a brief mention of the methodology and scope.
  • Typically shorter and more succinct than the background.
  • Provides a snapshot of what the study is about without going into detailed literature review or theoretical background.

Example to Illustrate the Difference

Introduction Example : The rapid growth of social media usage among students has raised concerns about its impact on academic performance. This study aims to investigate how social media influences students’ grades and study habits. By examining different platforms and usage patterns, the research seeks to provide insights into whether social media acts as a distraction or a beneficial tool for learning. Background of the Study Example : Social media has transformed communication and information sharing, particularly among young people. Historically, educational environments have seen various technological impacts, from the introduction of computers to the widespread use of the internet. Theories of digital learning suggest both positive and negative effects of technology on education. Previous studies have shown mixed results; some indicate that social media can enhance collaborative learning and resource access, while others point to decreased academic performance due to distraction. Despite these findings, there is limited research on the long-term effects of specific social media platforms on academic outcomes. This study addresses these gaps by exploring how different types of social media usage impact student performance, aiming to provide a nuanced understanding of this contemporary issue.

Where is the Background of a Study Placed in a Research Paper? 

The background of a study is typically placed within the Introduction section of a research paper, but it can also be a separate section immediately following the introduction. Here’s a more detailed breakdown of where the background of the study can be placed:

Within the Introduction

  • In many research papers, the background of the study is woven into the introduction. It provides context and justification for the research problem, leading up to the statement of the research objectives and questions.
  • Starts with a general introduction to the topic.
  • Provides background information and context.
  • Reviews relevant literature and identifies gaps.
  • States the research problem, objectives, and questions.

As a Separate Section

  • In more detailed or longer research papers, the background of the study can be a standalone section that comes immediately after the introduction. This allows for a more comprehensive presentation of the context, literature review, and theoretical framework.
  • Introduction : Briefly introduces the topic and states the research problem.
  • Background of the Study : Provides detailed context, literature review, theoretical background, and justification for the research.
  • Research Objectives and Questions : Clearly states the aims and specific questions the research seeks to answer.

How to Write a Background of the Study

How to Write a Background of the Study

Writing a background of the study involves providing a comprehensive overview of the research problem, context, and significance. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to write an effective background of the study:

Introduce the Topic

Begin with a General Introduction : Start by introducing the broad topic to give readers an overview of the field. Example : “Social media has revolutionized communication and information sharing in the digital age.”

Provide Context

Historical Background : Explain the historical development of the topic. Example : “Historically, communication technologies have significantly influenced educational practices, from the introduction of the internet to the advent of mobile learning.” Theoretical Framework : Mention relevant theories and models. Example : “Theories such as social constructivism and digital learning provide a basis for understanding how students interact and learn through social media.”

Review Relevant Literature

Summarize Key Studies : Provide a summary of significant studies related to your topic. Example : “Previous research has shown mixed results regarding the impact of social media on academic performance. Some studies suggest that social media can be a distraction, leading to lower grades, while others indicate it can enhance learning through collaboration.” Identify Gaps in Knowledge : Highlight gaps or inconsistencies in the existing literature. Example : “Despite extensive research, there is limited understanding of the long-term effects of specific social media platforms on student performance.”

Explain the Rationale

Justify the Need for the Study : Explain why your study is necessary and important. Example : “Assessing the impact of social media on academic performance is crucial for developing effective educational strategies and policies. This study aims to fill the existing knowledge gaps by providing detailed insights into how different platforms affect student learning outcomes.”

State the Research Objectives and Questions

List the Objectives : Clearly state the main objectives of your study. Example : “The primary objectives of this study are to analyze the relationship between social media usage and academic performance and to identify the most and least beneficial platforms for students.” Pose Research Questions : Include specific research questions that guide your study. Example : “What are the main factors influencing the impact of social media on academic performance? How can students balance social media use and academic responsibilities?”

Conclude with the Importance of the Study

Summarize the Significance : Emphasize how your study will contribute to the field. Example : “This study’s findings will provide valuable insights into the role of social media in education, informing educators and policymakers on how to leverage these tools effectively to enhance student learning outcomes.”

How to avoid mistakes in writing the Background of a Study 

Avoiding mistakes in writing the background of a study involves careful planning, thorough research, and attention to detail. Here are some tips to help you avoid common mistakes:

1. Lack of Clarity and Focus

  • Example : If your research is about the impact of social media on student performance, don’t delve into unrelated topics like general internet usage unless directly relevant.

2. Insufficient Literature Review

  • Example : Use databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, or your institution’s library to find peer-reviewed articles and credible sources.

3. Overwhelming with Too Much Information

  • Example : Summarize key studies and avoid detailed descriptions of every study you come across.

4. Failure to Identify Gaps in Knowledge

  • Example : “While several studies have explored social media’s impact on general communication skills, few have examined its specific effects on academic performance among high school students.”

5. Lack of Theoretical Framework

  • Example : “The study is grounded in social constructivism, which suggests that learning occurs through social interactions, making it relevant to examine how social media platforms facilitate these interactions.”

6. Inadequate Justification for the Study

  • Example : “Understanding the impact of social media on academic performance is crucial for developing effective educational strategies and policies.”

7. Poor Organization and Structure

  • Example : Use clear headings like “Introduction,” “Contextual Framework,” “Literature Review,” “Rationale,” and “Research Objectives and Questions.”

8. Using Jargon and Complex Language

  • Example : Instead of “The pedagogical implications of digital media necessitate a paradigmatic shift,” say “Digital media impacts teaching methods, requiring changes in how we educate.”

9. Ignoring the Research Objectives and Questions

  • Example : “This background review highlights the need to investigate how different social media platforms affect high school students’ study habits, directly addressing the research questions outlined.”

10. Neglecting to Update References

  • Example : Instead of relying solely on sources from over a decade ago, incorporate recent studies that reflect current trends and findings.

What is the background of the study?

The background of the study provides context, explains the research problem, reviews relevant literature, and identifies gaps the study aims to fill.

Why is the background of the study important?

It establishes the context and significance of the research, justifies the study, and helps readers understand the broader academic landscape and gaps the research addresses.

How does the background of the study differ from the introduction?

The background provides detailed context and literature review, while the introduction briefly presents the research problem, objectives, and significance.

What should be included in the background of the study?

Include historical context, theoretical framework, literature review, gaps in knowledge, and the rationale for the study.

Where is the background of the study placed in a research paper?

It is typically integrated within the introduction or presented as a separate section following the introduction.

How long should the background of the study be?

The length varies, but it should be detailed enough to provide context and justification, typically a few paragraphs to several pages.

How do you write a strong background of the study?

Conduct thorough research, organize logically, include relevant theories and studies, identify gaps, and justify the research’s importance.

Can the background of the study include preliminary data?

Yes, including preliminary data can strengthen the background by demonstrating initial findings and supporting the research rationale.

How do you identify gaps in the literature?

Conduct a comprehensive literature review, compare findings, and note inconsistencies, unexplored areas, or outdated research that your study will address.

Should the background of the study be written in chronological order?

Not necessarily. Organize logically by themes, concepts, or research gaps rather than strictly chronologically to provide a coherent context for your study.

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How to Write the Background of the Study?

  • December 5, 2024

Dr. Marvin L. Smith

You’re struggling to write a clear and compelling background of the study section for your research paper. You know it’s crucial in setting the tone for your entire paper, but you’re not sure where to start.

Let’s get your background of the study section back on track

In this article, I’ll show you how to write a strong background of the study section that provides context, establishes relevance, and showcases your expertise.

What is the Background of the Study, Anyway?

The background of the study is an essential component of your research paper that provides an overview of the research context, including the problem statement , research questions , and significance of the study . 

It sets the stage for your research by establishing the theoretical framework, reviewing relevant literature, and identifying gaps in existing knowledge.

Think of it as the foundation upon which your entire research project is built. 

A well-written background of the study section will help you:

  • Establish your research question and objectives
  • Provide a clear context for your study
  • Showcase your understanding of the research topic
  • Demonstrate the significance and relevance of your study

Why is the background of the study important?

Imagine spending months working on your research paper , only to have it rejected due to a weak background of the study section. It’s a nightmare scenario that can be avoided if you understand the importance of this critical component.

So, why is the background of the study so crucial? 

Here are the top reasons why you can’t afford to neglect this section:

Reason #1: Establishes Credibility

A well-written background of the study section showcases your expertise and knowledge in the field. 

It demonstrates that you’ve done your homework, are familiar with the relevant literature, and have a deep understanding of the research topic.

Reason #2: Provides Context

The background of the study section sets the stage for your research by providing a clear context for your study. 

It helps readers understand the research problem, the significance of the study, and the research questions.

Reason #3: Justifies Your Research

A strong background of the study section justifies the need for your research. 

It explains why your study is important, how it contributes to the existing body of knowledge, and what gaps in existing research your study aims to fill.

Reason #4: Helps You Stay Focused

Writing a solid background of the study section helps you stay focused on your research question and objectives. 

It ensures that you’re on the right track and that your research is aligned with your goals.

Reason #5: Enhances Readability

A well-structured study background section makes your research paper more readable and easier to understand. 

It provides a logical flow of ideas and helps readers follow your argument.

What Happens If You Neglect This Section?

If you neglect the background of the study section, you risk:

  • Losing credibility with your readers
  • Confusing your audience with a lack of context
  • Failing to justify the need for your research
  • Struggling to stay focused on your research question and objectives
  • Producing a research paper that’s difficult to read and understand 

How to write background of the study that impress your reader

Now that you know the importance of the background of the study section, it’s time to learn how to write one that will blow your readers away. 

Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you craft a compelling background of the study section:

Step #1: Identify Your Target Audience

Who are you writing for? Are you writing for academics, industry professionals, or the general public? 

Knowing your target audience is crucial in determining the tone, language, and content of your background of the study section.

  • What are their needs and concerns?
  • What do they already know about the topic?
  • What do you want to communicate to them?

Step #2: Define Your Problem Statement

Your problem statement is the foundation of your research paper. It should be clear, concise, and specific.

  • What problem are you trying to solve?
  • What question are you trying to answer?
  • What issue are you trying to address?

Example: “The increasing prevalence of obesity among children in the United States is a major public health concern, with significant implications for their physical and mental health.”

Step #3: Review Existing Literature

A thorough review of existing literature is essential in establishing the context for your research. It helps you:

  • Identify gaps in existing knowledge
  • Understand the current state of research in your field
  • Develop a theoretical framework for your study
  • What have other researchers found on this topic?
  • What methodologies have they used?
  • What are the limitations of their studies?

Step #4: Mention Research Gaps

Identifying research gaps is critical in justifying the need for your study. It shows that you’ve done your homework and are aware of the limitations of existing research.

  • What gaps exist in the current literature?
  • How does your study address these gaps?
  • What new insights or perspectives does your study offer?

Example: “While previous studies have examined the relationship between obesity and physical activity, few have explored the impact of socioeconomic factors on obesity rates among children.”

Step #5: Highlight the Novelty of Your Research

What sets your study apart from others? What new contributions does it make to the field?

  • What innovative methodologies or approaches are you using?
  • What new data or insights does your study provide?
  • How does your study challenge or build upon existing knowledge?

Example: “This study uses a mixed-methods approach to examine the relationship between socioeconomic factors and obesity rates among children, providing a more comprehensive understanding of this complex issue.”

Difference between background and introduction

When writing a research paper, it’s easy to get confused between the background and introduction sections. 

While they may seem similar, they serve distinct purposes and have different characteristics.

Background:

The background section provides a detailed overview of the research context, including the problem statement, research questions, and significance of the study. 

  • Establishes the theoretical framework for the study
  • Reviews existing literature on the topic
  • Identifies gaps in existing knowledge
  • Justifies the need for the study
  • Provides context for the research

Introduction:

The introduction section , on the other hand, is a brief overview of the research paper that:

  • Introduces the research topic and problem statement
  • Provides a concise summary of the background and context
  • States the research question and objectives
  • Previews the main arguments and findings
  • Grabs the reader’s attention and sets the tone for the paper

Key differences:

  • Length: The background section is typically longer than the introduction section.
  • Purpose: The background section provides a detailed context for the research, while the introduction section provides a brief overview of the paper.
  • Content: The background section includes a literature review, while the introduction section does not.
  • Tone: The background section is typically written in a more formal and academic tone, while the introduction section is more engaging and attention-grabbing.

“The increasing prevalence of obesity among children in the United States is a major public health concern, with significant implications for their physical and mental health. A review of existing literature reveals that socioeconomic factors, such as poverty and lack of access to healthy food, play a significant role in obesity rates among children. However, few studies have examined the relationship between socioeconomic factors and obesity rates among children in rural areas.”

“Obesity among children is a growing concern in the United States, with far-reaching consequences for their health and wellbeing. This study examines the relationship between socioeconomic factors and obesity rates among children in rural areas, a topic that has received little attention in the literature. Our research aims to fill this gap and provide a better understanding of the complex factors contributing to obesity among children in these areas.” 

Presenting Your Study Background: A Step-by-Step Guide

Now that you’ve written your study background, it’s time to present it in a clear and concise manner. 

Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you present your study background effectively:

Step #1: Start with a Hook

Begin your presentation by grabbing the audience’s attention with a hook that sets the stage for your study. This can be a:

  • Surprising statistic
  • Thought-provoking question
  • Personal anecdote
  • Relevant quote

Example: “Did you know that obesity among children has increased by 50% in the past decade, with significant implications for their physical and mental health?”

Step #2: Provide Context

Provide a brief overview of the research context, including:

  • The problem statement
  • The research question
  • The significance of the study

Example: “Our study aims to examine the relationship between socioeconomic factors and obesity rates among children in rural areas, a topic that has received little attention in the literature.”

Step #3: Review the Literature

Present a concise review of the existing literature on the topic, highlighting:

  • Key findings
  • Methodologies used
  • Gaps in existing knowledge

Example: “A review of existing literature reveals that socioeconomic factors, such as poverty and lack of access to healthy food, play a significant role in obesity rates among children. However, few studies have examined this relationship in rural areas.”

Step #4: Highlight the Research Gap

Clearly articulate the research gap that your study aims to fill, including:

  • What is not known about the topic
  • How your study addresses this gap
  • What new insights or perspectives your study offers

Example: “Our study aims to fill this gap by examining the relationship between socioeconomic factors and obesity rates among children in rural areas, providing a more comprehensive understanding of this complex issue.”

Step #5: Preview the Study

Preview the main components of your study, including:

  • The research design
  • The methodology used
  • The expected outcomes

Example: “Our study uses a mixed-methods approach to examine the relationship between socioeconomic factors and obesity rates among children in rural areas. We expect to find a significant correlation between socioeconomic factors and obesity rates, with implications for policy and practice.”

Step #6: Conclude with a Call to Action

Conclude your presentation by summarizing the key points and highlighting the significance of your study. End with a call to action that encourages the audience to engage with your research.

Example: “In conclusion, our study aims to contribute to a better understanding of the complex factors contributing to obesity among children in rural areas. We hope that our findings will inform policy and practice, and ultimately lead to improved health outcomes for this vulnerable population.”

Frequently Asked Questions about the Background of the Study

What is the background of the study.

The background of the study is a section in a research paper that provides a detailed overview of the research context, including the problem statement, research questions, and significance of the study. It establishes the theoretical framework for the study, reviews existing literature, and justifies the need for the study.

How do you write a background for a study?

To write a background for a study, start by identifying the research problem and questions, then review existing literature on the topic. Next, provide a detailed overview of the research context, including the theoretical framework, and justify the need for the study. Finally, highlight the research gap and preview the main components of the study.

What is the purpose of background research?

The purpose of background research is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the research topic, identify gaps in existing knowledge, and establish a theoretical framework for the study. It helps researchers to develop a research question, design a methodology, and interpret findings.

Is the background of the study the same as an abstract?

No, the background of the study is not the same as an abstract . An abstract is a brief summary of the research paper, while the background of the study is a detailed section that provides context and justifies the need for the study.

How is the background of the study different from the introduction?

The background of the study is different from the introduction in terms of length, purpose, and content. The introduction is a brief overview of the research paper, while the background of the study is a detailed section that provides context and justifies the need for the study.

Where is the background of the study placed in a research paper?

The background of the study is typically placed after the introduction and before the literature review in a research paper. It provides a transition from the introduction to the literature review and sets the stage for the rest of the paper.

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COMMENTS

  1. Background of The Study – Examples and Writing Guide">Background of The Study – Examples and Writing Guide

    Mar 25, 2024 · The background of the study is a crucial part of any research paper, thesis, or dissertation. It provides the necessary context for readers to understand the research problem, highlights existing knowledge, identifies gaps, and justifies the study’s significance.

  2. Background of a Study? How to Write it (with ...">What is the Background of a Study? How to Write it (with ...

    Dec 18, 2024 · A well-organized background of a study structure typically includes an introduction, literature review, research gaps, research objectives, and significance. A compelling background can influence editorial decision outcomes and readership.

  3. Background of a Study and How to Write It">What is the Background of a Study and How to Write It

    Background of a Study vs Literature Review. In a research study, the context sets the basis of the inquiry and provides substantial background and rationale. It explains why an investigation is reasonable by highlighting the problems or trends that led to its development.

  4. How to write the background of your study | Editage Insights">How to write the background of your study | Editage Insights

    Nov 27, 2018 · So in this article, I will cover the basics of writing the background and explain how it is different from the literature review. The background of the study establishes the context of the research. This section explains why this particular research topic is important and essential to understanding the main aspects of the study.

  5. Background of the Study - 10+ Examples, Format, How to Write">Background of the Study - 10+ Examples, Format, How to Write

    Jul 25, 2024 · What is the Background of a Study? The background of a study provides context by explaining the research problem, highlighting gaps in existing knowledge, and establishing the study’s significance.

  6. Background of the Study: A ...">How to Write an Effective Background of the Study: A ...

    Sep 25, 2023 · Understanding the concept of the background of the study. Learning how to craft a compelling background effectively. Identifying and sidestepping common pitfalls in writing the background. Exploring practical examples that bring the theory to life. Enhancing both your writing and reading of academic papers.

  7. Background of the Study? - Blainy">How to Write the Background of the Study? - Blainy

    Dec 5, 2024 · The background of the study is different from the introduction in terms of length, purpose, and content. The introduction is a brief overview of the research paper, while the background of the study is a detailed section that provides context and justifies the need for the study. Where is the background of the study placed in a research paper?