pre spanish period essay

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THE PRE/SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD

The early literary forms of the Philippines were epics, legends, riddles and proverbs which were told and retold by the natives. The literature of pre-colonial Filipinos bore the marks of the community. During the Spanish Colonial Period of the Philippines most of the archipelago underwent a deep cultural, religious transformation.

THE PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD

BAYBAYIN O ALIBATA

"Baybayin" Literary means "spelling" which early Filipinos wrote on bamboo or on specially prepared palm leaves, using knives and styli.

They used the ancient Tagalog script which had 17 basic symbols: 3 vowels a/e, I, o/u; 14 consonants ba, ka, da/ra, ga, ha, la, ma, na, nga, pa, sa, la, wa, ya.  The kudlit modified the sound of the symbol into different vowel sounds.

TIGMO in Cebuano, PAKTAKON in Ilonggo, PATOTOTDON in Bicolano and BUGTONG in Tagalog.

• Showcase of Filipino wit. literary talent, and keen observation of the surroundings.
• There are made up of one or more measured lines with rhyme and may consist of 4 to 12 syllabes

Further by offering a nugget of wisdom enveloped in short, apt, rhymed verse.

• When in groups, Ifugao use proverbs to give advice to the young.
• Most of the collected Rombloanon Literature is in the form of proverbs which use metaphorical expression in referring to traditional lore and everyday experience.

One of the oldest form of Philippine Literature that emerged in Pre-Spanish period.

Hele Oroyayi - lullaby

Tagay ( Cebuano and Waray ) - Drinking Song

Kanogan ( Cebuano ) - Song of lamentation for the dead

Ambahan ( Mangyan ) - About human relationships and social entertainment.

Kalusan ( Ivatan) - Work song

Folk Tales Myths

Explain how the world created, how certain animals possess certain characteristics, why some places have waterfalls, Volcanoes, Flora and Fauna.

Explain the origin of things.

Used animals characters and allegory.

Fantasy Stories

Deal with underworld characters such as tiyanak, aswang, kapre and so on.

These are narratives of sustained length based on oral tradition revolving around supernatural events or heroic deeds.

Made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror and humor where one can derive lessons about life.

THE SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD

 Spanish occupied Philippines in early 15th century. The Spanish colonization period has two classification Religious and Secular.

RELIGIOUS LITERATURE

• Religious lyrics written by Ladino poet or those versed in both Spanish and Tagalog were included in early catechism

• Long narrative poem about the passion and death of Christ.
• 1704- Gaspar Aquino de Belen
• 1750- Don Luis Guian
• 1814- P. Mariano Pilapil
• 1856- P. Aniceto dela Merced
• A- Asuncion
• R- Resurrecion
• A- Adoracion
• L- Lamentacion

• Dramatization of the pasyon, it shows the passion and death of Christ.  

SECULAR LITERATURE

• Non- Religious literature

IBONG ADARNA

• Colorful tales of chivalry made for singing and chanting. 

FLORANTE AT LAURA

• Metrical tale written in octosyllabic quatrains.

1879- Modesto de Castro's " Pagsusulatan ng dalawang binibini na si URBANA at ni FELIZA.

PROSE NARRATIVES

• Written to prescribe proper decorum.

ORAL LITERATURE

• Songs, Religious Drama, Drama.
• A composition for voice and voices performed by singing.  

• Is a Filipino love song traditionally sung by a man wooing the woman of his dream.

LERON LERON SINTA

• This song depicts humbleness.

SARUNG BANGGI

• A kundiman which means "one night" or "one evening" In Bicol. 

RELIGIOUS DRAMA

• Setting forth events recorded in the Bible or moral lessons to be drawn from religious teaching.

PANUNULUYAN

• A Philippine Christmas dramatic ritual. 
• Enacted of in front of audience. It is also known as play.  

WHY WOMAN WASH THE DISHES

• This is filled with humor and antiques.

WRITTEN LITERATURE

• Short stories and poetry

SHORT STORIES

• A brief work of literature

1838 FLORANTE AT LAURA

• An imaginative awareness of experience expressed through meaning, sound and rhythmic language.

Notable Filipinos During the Spanish Colonization Period in Philippine Literature

Did you know?

1788-1862 FRANCISO BALTAZAR popularity called Balagtas, he is the acknowledge master of traditional Tagalog poetry.

1746-1829 JOSE DELA CRUZ was the foremost exponent of the komedya during his time.

Pre-Spanish Period

The Pre-Spanish Period Historical Background Long before the Spaniards and other foreigners landed or set foot on Philippine shores, our forefathers already had their own literature stamped in the history of our race. Our ancient literature shows our customs and traditions in everyday life as traced in our folk stories, old plays and short stories. Our ancestors also had their own alphabet which was different from that brought by the Spaniards. The first alphabet used by our ancestor was similar to that of the Malayo-Polynesian alphabet. Why certain things existed in their physical environment must have intrigued the ancient Filipinos as it did other early peoples. In their effort to define their world, to account for the …show more content…

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The Spanish And Mexican Period

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Parallel Greek Myths

Mythology is the traditions that have been passed down orally, among a culture, for many generations. Myths can include several different elements, often varying slightly. Most include fantasy or unnatural characters, such as monsters, dragons, gods and goddesses. Myths generally tell a story which is the basis for many beliefs among a culture. Greek and Roman myths encompass the gods that the cultures worship. Myths often serve to teach a lesson or play on superstitions. The origin is unknown and because it has been handed down orally, there are variations in the story. The story often travels around to other cultures also. This leads to similar myths among cultures. Similar situations and characters

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It is interesting to see how some folktales are similar to each other even though they can be from a different region of the world. An example of this happening is the stories of Odysseus and Sinbad. Both of these folktales have much in common but on is from the Middle East while the other from Greece. The way their travels are similar, how their adventures are being told, and how their personalities are alike prove this concept. These tales were told as entertainment and educate people about growth and perseverance.

Greek Contributions To Western Civilization

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The Filipino Culture And Hypertension In The Philippine Culture

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Pre-Spanish Philippines

Philippine literature in Spanish Period. Spanish occupied Philippinesin early 15th century. The First Filipino alphabet is Alibata – when Spanish colonized Philippinesthey changed alibatas into Roman alphabet. Spanish banned the used of Alibata because they believed that it is a work of evil. So Spanish fully introduced the Spanish literary language using many Spanish terms. The European literature was brought by the Spaniards and are assimilated in Filipino song and indigeneous themes.

The early printing press in the Philippine is run and monopolized by the Spaniards friars. Spanish colonial period literary genres consist of Pasyon Cenaculo Tibag Carillo – shadow play Political essay Comedia Zarzuela Spanish revolutionary Papers El Heraldo de la revolusion La Republica Filipina La independencia La libertad La revolution During Spanish colonization Filipinos felt that they being harrashed by the Spaniards.

Then the Birth of the Propaganda movement and la Solidaridad. Then Filipino fought and introduce tagalong to be the language of revolution of the nationalist movement. Filipino Spanish literature Pedro Bukakeng – Lam ang Tomas Pinpin ( librong pa aaralan ng mga tagalong ng wikang kastilla ,1610 Gaspar Aquino de Belen  - Ang mahal na pasyon ni Jesus, Christong panginoon natin 1704 Pedro Paterno – Sampaguita, Ninay Dr.

Order custom essay Pre-Spanish Philippines with free plagiarism report

Jose Rizal – Noli me Tangere, El Filibusterismo, Mi Ultimo Adios Marcelo Del Pilar – Pag ibig sa tinubuang Lupa, Dasalan at tocsohan, kaiingat kayo Graciano Lopez Jaena – Fray Botod Franscico Baltazar – Florante at Laura Fr. Modesto de Castro – Urbanaat Feliza Emilio Jacinto – Liwanag sa Dilim Jose Palma – Himmo Nacional Filipino, De mi jardin Jose De la Cruz – Ibong Adarna Magdalena Jalandoni – Ang guitara, si Anabella, Ang mga tunok sang isa ka bulak

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The Pre-Spanish Period (summary and reflection)

Long before the Spaniards and other foreigners landed or set foot on Philippine shores, our forefathers already had their own literature stamped in the history of our race.

Our ancient literature shows our customs and traditions in everyday life as traced in our folk stories, old plays and short stories.

Our ancestors also had their own alphabet which was different from that brought by the Spaniards. The first alphabet used by our ancestor was similar to that of the Malayo-Polynesian alphabet. Whatever records our ancestors left were either burned by the Spaniards friars in the belief that they were works of the devil or were written on materials that easily perished, like the barks of trees, dried leaves and bamboo cylinders which could not have remained undestroyed even if efforts were made to preserve them. Other records that remained showed folk songs that proved the existence of a native culture truly our own. Some of these were passed on byword of mouth till they reached the hands of some publishers or printers who took interest in printing the manuscripts of the ancient Filipinos. The Spaniards who came to the Philippines tried to prove that our ancestors were really fond of poetry, songs, stories, riddles and proverbs which we still enjoy today and which serve to show to generations the true culture of our people.

Pre-Spanish Literature is characterized by

• LEGENDS. Legends are a form of prose the common theme of which is about the origin of a thing, place, location or name. The events are imaginary, devoid of truth and unbelievable. Old Filipino customs are reflected in these legends. Its aim is to entertain. Here is an example of a legend is THE LEGEND OF THE TAGALOGS.
• FOLK TALES. Folk tales are made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror and humor where one can derive lessons about life. These are useful to us because they help us appreciate our environment, evaluate our personalities and improve our perspectives in life. An example of this is THE MOON AND THE SUN.
• THE EPIC AGE . Epics are long narrative poems in which a series of heroic achievements or events, usually of a hero, are dealt with at length. Nobody can determine which epics are the oldest because in their translations from other languages, even in English and Spanish. We can only determine their origins from the time mentioned in the said epics.

Aside from the aforementioned epics, there are still other epics that can be read and studied like the following epics.

• Bidasari-Moro epic
• Biag ni Lam-ang-Ilokano epic
• Maragtas-Visayan epic
• Haraya-Visayan epic
• Lagda-Visayan epic
• Hari sa Bukid-Visayan epic
• Kumintang-Tagalog epic h. Parang Sabir-Moro epic
• “Dagoy”at “Sudsod”-Tagbanua epic j. Tatuaang-Bagobo epic l. Bantugan
• Indarapatra at Sulayman                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 4. FOLK SONGS. Folk songs are one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the pre-Spanish period. These songs mirrored the early forms of culture.

Many of these have 12 syllables. Here are the examples:

• Kumintang o Tagumpay
• Ang Dalit o Imno
• And Oyayi o Hele

OTHER FORMS OF PRE-SPANISH POETRY

• Epigrams, Riddles, Chants, Maxims, Proverbs or Sayings.
• Epigrams (Salawikain). These have been customarily used and served as laws or rules on good behavior by our ancestors. To others, these are like allegories or parables that impart lessons for the young.
• Riddles (Bugtong) or Palaisipan. These are made up of one or more measured lines with rhyme and may consist of four to 12 syllables.
• Chant (Bulong). Used in witch craft or enchantment.
• Maxims . Some are rhyming couplets with verses 5,6 or 8 syllables, each line having the same number of syllables.
• Sayings (Kasabihan). Often used in teasing or to comment on a person’s actuations.
• Sawikain (Sayings with no hidden meanings)

Reflection:

While reading the summary, it was all about the history,culture and traditions of the Philippines. It was the ancient literature shows our customs and traditions in everyday life as traced in our folk stories, old plays and short stories. What are the things that our forefathers do us & their contribution for our country.  I’ve understand more what is legend, folktales, epic, and folksong and etc. We should not forget what is literature because literature is   most commonly refers to works of the creative imagination, including poetry, drama, fiction, nonfiction, journalism, and in some instances, song. Also, it represents the culture and tradition of a language or a people. 

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Pre-Spanish Period

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Learning activity: pre-spanish and spanish period.

ESSAY: Briefly explain the following questions. Please be guided by our rubrics below in answering the questions.

1. Compare and contrast the role of communication and mass media during the pre-Spanish and Spanish era.

PRE-SPANISH

There's already the existence of communication with the indigenous people with their writings and it is under developing that time.

The creation of literary forms of writings started in this era.

Publishers who took interest in printing the manuscripts of the ancient Filipinos.

We have our own alphabet which was different from that brought by the

SPANISH ERA

Tools in communication are all written in Spanish Language and that is a powerful colonial rule that time.

This is a marked as the foundation of a press in our country.

Publications are controlled by the high priests before being printed and must approve.

Same period, the same goal and that is to colonize the country. 6. Mass media is underconstruction.

• Keeps the Filipino uninformed.

Filipinos arises the sense of nationalism.

Writings are disbanded and keeps thise fellow filipino in prison their knowledge.

Kept the right of information but Filipino writers created a way.

CONTRAST *4. This is the time that the Filipino Nationalism arises and making a move to influence others to fight for our rights.

Furthermore, in order to improve the role of communication and mass media during the Pre-Spanish and Spanish Era in the country, one should retract and make a move to influence others and make it as a unique way to enable and engage the people to be as one. We need to make a significant role in the society in order to fight for our rights because our freedom is in the line.

2. How important is media and communication during the pre-colonial and the Spanish period?

Communication and mass media in the time of the Spaniards is merely a narrow way for the Filipinos in that time. Why? Some of the Filipinos are get caught because of their hidden agenda against the Spaniards and yet, Filipinos didn’t loses its sight to fight. Information that time is hard and the communication is restricted, but because of the nationalistic view of our fellow county men, we are opt to fight for it and make a move to make our freedom put in our hands. The reason why the communication and mass media is created is to help the people with the information easily, but that time it is being retracted and hard to resist. The power of the colonizers is not hesitant to make a move, whether it is good or bad but for the sake of the colony we can do everything we can. This says that, the role of communication and mass media is to enhance the peoples right of information and the knowledge over flows from it.

3. How did the Filipinos (including Rizal, Lopez-Jeana, del Pilar and others) used communication and media in the development of Filipino nationalism.

The writer in the time of Rizal introduced and recognized how writing is a powerful tool to use without using any forms of force and violence to harm people. The role of communication and mass media in that time is under the reconstruction

LEARNING ACTIVITY: DUTERTE ADMINISTRATION AND THE RAPPLER

1. Discuss the significant role of mass media and communication as “watchdogs” of the government in the case of Rappler during Duterte Administration?

“Watchdogs” in our today’s society refers to the “broadcast-journalist” to speak, act and write. It is their job and our future job to cater information to the public mass and attain our everyday needs of information to eradicate many possibilities as ever we could have experience. I, as a communication student reflects how the term “watchdog” manifest in my life as I want to be next in the line which caters the needs of the people publicly. It is a profound idea how we the students can use our skills to utilize our writings and speaking in the of the truth. It is our duty as well as to watch and control the happenings in our surroundings as we don’t want to spread rumors and fake news.

On the other hand, Ressa played her role very well as I’m also with her side not to criticize the administration but unleashing the truth is what matters the most. Rappler is Ressa's domain, yet they filled a “cyber libel” case to exclude ideas spread in the society that the Rappler and Ressa itself targeting hardly the current administration. For me, there’s no perfect leader at all, there’s no clean governance yet a good and who has a pure heart that serving the public is the most important thing to have.

2. Do you agree that Maria Ressa committed “cyber libel” in her pursuit to exercise “press freedom” during Duterte Administration? How will you define “press freedom” in the case Ms. Ressa and the Rappler?

Press freedom is designed to exercise our right to speak and write in an ethical manner. We should consider the fact how Communication Media Laws and Ethics can be our stronghold in doing things rightly. Exercising press freedom is how we are grasping the ideas and information that prevails in our mind to work out. It is necessary hat we should act base ok the right path we are trying to cross. Ressa and the Rappler for me speaks the truth about the administration not only basing on their claims. Contradiction is how plays, that’s the reason why they filled case to Ressa. Ressa’s role is to inform and educate the public with doing and determining right researches that can prove the existence of her claims and publish publicly. It is important how we need to be critical and in such way, we can determine the platform that we are going through.

Ressa only committed to express herself to inform the public, and publish her articles base on the facts she holds for the current administration. It states how she used to fight with her writings not by the use of force. And that is the role of a journalist, to speak using his/her writings not with the use of force. Hoping that the truth will always come out.

3. If the saying goes “a public servant is a public trust”, is it also applicable to say that “media and communication is also a public trust? Why or why not?

Yes. President Duterte putted his grudges against the ABS-CBN, the Rappler and Maria Ressa’s case. The main issue is where Ressa produces lots of information about the administration where the administration wants to unmask and cover it because it affects his reputation in the country. It highly affects the perception of the public because of those article that is bad to his image. The administration take an immediate action to clean and clear his name, yet it doesn’t benefited the fact that they silence her right to speak and express his opinions into the administration publicly. His leadership is incompetent by lacking of plans and executions, added by the bloods that runs into his hands and in the entire administration of his time in governing the country. And that Maria Ressa's goals and the Rappler to give the information for the public unbiased.

In his administration already added in the book of history where the high rate of journalist killed and many local politicians are getting involved in his bloodline administration. He is the one who badly infected the society based on his agenda to pulverize the drug addicts, yet many innocent are getting involved. This is how he wants to silence the fact in the public, by masking the mouth of the journalist by taking them down who influences the people publicly.

• Multiple Choice

Course : Philippines History (RPH01)

University : don mariano marcos memorial state university.

• Discover more from: Philippines History RPH01 Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University 58   Documents Go to course
• More from: Philippines History RPH01 Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University 58   Documents Go to course