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Essay on Indian Economy for Students in English | 500 Words Essay

December 20, 2020 by Sandeep

Essay on Indian Economy: India is mainly an agrarian economy with agricultural supplies contributing up to 50% of the GDP index. The government has created fair policies with wage revisions and labourers rights to boost economic growth. The service sectors, manufacturing units, iron and steel companies, chemical and textile sectors, automobile industries contribute to the economy of the country. Privatisation of many sectors along with demonetization has affected both big and small businesses in the country.

Essay on Indian Economy 500 Words in English

Below we have provided Indian Economy Essay in English, written in easy and simple words for class 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 school students.

“There can be economy only where there is efficiency.” – Benjamin Disraeli

Indian economy is the fifth largest economy in the world currently. It is a developing market economy. The economic growth of India has even surpassed that of China in recent years. India has been able to successfully jump up ranks in various indexes, including the Ease of doing business index. Agriculture still remains the largest employer in the country, with the construction and real estate sector right behind it. India is the world’s second-largest coal and cement producer. The government has had a major role in accelerating the economic growth of the country.

The way industries operate in our country has been enhanced by the Industrial Policy. Many industries have been freed from the system of licensing and have no restriction on importing new and latest technology from other countries. The government has also taken up disinvestment in the industries where it is unprofitable. The focus on privatisation is being increased to intensify healthy competition. The government is also making efforts to revive and promote small scale industries and businesses.

The New Trade Policy has made it extremely easy for traders to carry out imports and exports. The trade of all items barring a restricted few has been allowed. Also, the tax on many items has been abolished, while for others, the amount has been visibly minimised. A lot of incentives are also being provided to exporters to encourage foreign trade and gain foreign currency.

History of the Indian Economy

For continuous 1700 years starting from the 1st century A.D., the Indian economy constituted about 35 to 40 percent of the world’s GDP and was the topmost flourishing economy. The Indus Valley civilisation proved to provide a form of permanent settlement to the people of the country alongside efficient water supply, urban planning and sanitation.

The silk route provides proof of early Indian trade. Under the Mughal empire, the Indian economy thrived and prospered. It was during this time that a focus on industrial production was also seen. Under the British rule, the Indian economy suffered some significant setbacks and was downtrodden. There were major changes seen in the agricultural sector. The commercialisation of agriculture increased. Farmers were forced to grow cash crops that were used in trade, rather than producing food crops.

This resulted in numerous famines. The once rich handicrafts and handloom sector also dipped and sunk during the British Raj. However, the colonial rule is responsible for giving the country railways, a legal system and a single currency exchange rate. The British era in India was rather exploitative, but our economy has come a long way since then with the help of policies pertaining to privatisation, liberalisation and globalisation .

Sectors of the Indian Economy

As the Indian economy has vastly diversified and grown in the previous years, the GDP contributed by the agricultural sector has reduced. However, it still continues to employ more than 50 percent of the country’s population . India is the largest producer of milk, pulses and jute and is the second-largest producer of wheat, rice and cotton. The agricultural sector accounts for about 20% of India’s GDP.

The main industries included in the Indian industrial sector include textile, construction, power, food processing, etc. The industrial sector employs around 22 percent of the country’s workforce and accounts for 26 percent of India’s GDP. Foreign Direct Investment is one measure by the government, which has increased foreign investments in the country, leading to further growth in this sector.

The services sector contributes the maximum to the GDP of the country. It includes financial services, aviation, insurance, hospitality, entertainment, etc. This sector employs around 23 percent of the Indian population. The main reason why the service sector has been able to do exceedingly well is because of outsourcing. The working population here is skilled, highly educated and cheaper than the labour in other countries.

Problems facing the Indian Economy

Unemployment is a problematic issue for the working-age population of India. The rate of unemployment has increased, and so has the population between the age bracket of 15-59 years. This unemployment is prevalent in the rural as well as the urban areas and is more widespread among the unskilled workers. A significant chunk, including women, especially those that live in rural areas are illiterate and have low educational standards. This leaves so much potential untapped and opportunities unexplored.

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Essay on Indian Economy | Indian Economy Essay for Students and Children in English

October 21, 2024 by Prasanna

Essay on Indian Economy: Hundreds of years back, India was among the strongest economies around the world. India was the largest exporter in the world and China was close to it. The so-called “world powers” of the 21st century like the United States of America or the United Kingdom were nowhere to be seen back in those days.

But dark days for India started when regimes and greedy rulers started invading India from Mughals to British, India and her wealth was plundered. Now we are left with the modern-day economy and India is struggling to catch up with other economic superpowers like China or the United States of America. In this Indian economy essay, we shall be talking about the history of our economy and how it has evolved and what are the possible future scenarios of the Indian economy.

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Long and Short Essays on Indian economy for Students and Kids in English

If you are searching for Essay on Indian economy, then you will find a 600-word long essay on Indian economy here. We have also provided a 200-word short Indian economy essay for students of class 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. These essays can be used for project works, assignments, tests and essay writing competitions at schools and colleges.

Long Essay on Indian Economy 600 Words in English

Indian Economy Essay is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.

India is a diverse country with a population of 130 crore people and the number is increasing every day at an alarming rate. The state of the Indian economy is usually in sync with the political and social climate of the country. India had had its ups and downs in terms of economic development. While India was one of the strongest economies in the world in the 10th and 11th century, it took a downward turn with a complete nosedive under the plundering of the British regime for 200 years.

British used all resources that they had to plunder our craftsmen, weavers and farmers turning India into a market rather than a manufacturing hub. Once a self-reliant country, under the Britsh rule, India became an extremely dependant and weak country. With unfair trade practices and illogical tax structures, Britsh regime destroyed the Indian economy and to this day, many experts suggest that British owe repatriation to India in billions of dollars. But in this Indian economy essay, we shall be concentrating more on the economy of India after India attained its independence from the Britsh on August 15th, 1947.

The Indian economy was in turmoil when the British left the country in 1947. The leaders then had to control both the political situation of the county, inculcate and manage the democratic values in a newly formed country as well as improve the economic conditions of the country while creating new economic opportunities for the people. India was fundamentally an agrarian economy at that point of time. Most of our economic activities came from producing, cultivate, selling and consuming agricultural products and livestock. Industrialization gradually began in the country due to the visionary leadership of our country’s leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi.

India opened up its economy in 1992, after decades of socialist rule. Most of the country’s industries were managed by government-run PSUs (Public Sector Units). But the opening up of the economy to other countries in 1992 created an influx of finance and greater economic opportunities for the people in India. The visionary leadership of the then finance minister Manmohan Singh had great impacts on the Indian economy which can be seen even today. Big corporations from the west started to see the true potential of the Indian market. Millions of jobs were created which further pushed the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) index of India.

During the early 2000s, India was the fastest-growing economy in the world. With the IT revolution that was possible because of remote technology and internet revolution, millions of IT (Information Technology) and ITES (Information Technology Enabled Services) jobs were created in India after the dotcom bubble at the turn of the century. India is the hub for non-core activities of IT giants and investment banks around the world. BPOs (Business Process Outsourcing)and KPOs (Knowledge Process Outsourcing) are aplenty in India that has enabled the birth of silicon valley of India, Bengaluru. Bengaluru has the most software engineers in the whole world. This opening up of the economy helped improve our social and political climate as well.

India’s economy has seen downside in the last few years resulting in decreased demand due to the growing potential of gig economy also called a rental economy. Ever since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the economy of India has taken a nosedive and the GDP growth is projected to grow below 0%. The pandemic has affected the economies of every country in the world but India has seen some of the harshest lockdowns in recent decades. Even though the government has announced economic relief packages, building consumer confidence to kick start the spending behaviour is a challenge that is facing the businesses and government alike. The government has to step in and incentivise businesses and consumers to push the economy and achieve the dream of a 5 trillion dollar economy by 2025.

Short Essay on Indian Economy 150 Words in English

Indian Economy Essay is usually given to classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

India, through her entire journey before and after the Britsh rule, has seen many ups and downs. From being one of the strongest economies in the world during the 10th and 11th century to being amongst the weakest in the mid 19th century and bouncing back on track in the 21st century, it has been a roller coaster ride for the country in the last few centuries.

The turning point in modern India for its economic growth was in the year 1992 when the markets were opened up and the free market economy was introduced. Global corporations like Coca Cola, Microsoft, General Electric and Sony Inc entered the Indian market. The world sat back and took note of the potential that India holds, not just as a market, but also as a manufacturing destination. Many state governments, ever since the opening up of the economy has provided incentives to various corporations and foreign investors to invest in India.

Millions of jobs were created in the country in the last 2 decades, all thanks to technology and the revolution that the internet bought with it. India achieved one of the highest GDP growth rates of 6% in Asia. But the economy is in tantrums due to harsh lockdown imposed due to the coronavirus pandemic. India is optimistic in its approach and aims and believes that it can be the largest economy in the world in the coming decades.

10 Lines on Indian Economy Essay in English

Indian economy is made up of the service sector, agriculture sector and manufacturing sector distributed across the length and breadth of the country.
The service sector contributes more than 60% to the Indian GDP.
The agriculture sector in the country provides the highest employment in rural India.
Rs. 2.72 lakh crore is the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of India as of 2020.
India has a population of 135 crore people and is the second-most populous country in the world after China.
India is the largest producer of milk, pulses and jute in the whole world.
India ranks highest among the consumption and production of rice and wheat.
India had an IT and ITES revolution after the dotcom bubble in 2000.
The manufacturing sector in India is expected to provide 100 million jobs by 2022 in the country.
India is the 5th largest economy in the world in terms of nominal GDP.

FAQ’s on Indian Economy Essay

Question 1. What is India’s total GDP?

Answer: India’s total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is 2.72 lakh crore rupees.

Question 2. What are some landmark decisions in the Indian economy?

Answer: Opening of the Indian economy in 1992, demonetization and introduction of GST are some of the most important decisions in the Indian economy.

Question 3. What does the recession mean?

Answer: Recession means the spending power of a regular citizen is less as a result demand created in the market is less which results in cutting down of jobs in across businesses.

Question 4. What is the meaning of inflation?

Answer: When the prices of commodities and services are increased, then it causes inflation. Inflation is a pure supply-demand imbalance.